Mutations of BRAF and RAS are rare events in germ cell tumours
Mutations of BRAF and RAS are rare events in germ cell tumours
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BRAF 和 RAS 突变在生殖细胞肿瘤中罕见
DOI:
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发表时间:
2005
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
A. Tannapfel
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
F. Sommerer;U. Hengge;Annett Markwarth;Susanne Vomschloss;J. Stolzenburg;C. Wittekind;A. Tannapfel
The BRAF gene, one of the human isoforms of RAF, is activated by oncogenic Ras, leading to cooperative effects in cells responding to growth factor signals. Recently, somatic missense mutations in the BRAF gene have been detected in a variety of human tumors. We have studied male germ cell tumours (GCT) for probable mutations of the BRAF and Ras oncogene. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was analysed using mono‐ or di‐nucleotide marker. Mutational analysis of 62 GCT (30 seminomas and 32 nonseminomas) was performed after microdissection of the different tumour components. The expression of Erk1/2, an important downstream point of convergence in the Ras‐RAF‐MEK‐Erk pathway was assessed immunohistochemically. Activating BRAF missense mutations were identified in 3 out of 32 cases of nonseminomas (9%) but not in seminomas. The mutations were 1796T>A mutations and were found within the embryonic carcinoma component of these tumors. Two out of 30 seminomas (7%) and 3 out of 32 nonseminomas (9%) exhibited KRAS gene mutations. MSI was observed in 4 out 62 tumours (7%) [1 seminoma and 3 nonseminomas (embryonal carcinoma)]. All of the microsatellite instable embryonal carcinomas had a mutated BRAF gene. All 5 GCT with RAS mutations had an intact BRAF gene. We identified constitutively activated Erk in almost all tumours tested. Our data indicate that BRAF gene mutations are a rare event in GCT and are independent of KRAS mutations. In embryonal carcinomas, BRAF mutations may be linked to the proficiency of these tumours in repairing mismatched bases in DNA. The finding of activated Erk suggests a causative role for MAPK activation in GCT independent of activating BRAF or RAS mutations.
DOI:
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发表时间:
1998
期刊:
Seminars in oncology.
影响因子:
--
作者:
Murty,VV;Chaganti,RS
通讯作者:
Chaganti,RS
影响因子:
11.2
作者:
Hua, Kuo-Tai;Hong, Jin-Bong;Liao, Yi-Hua
通讯作者:
Liao, Yi-Hua
DOI:
10.1093/jnci/95.6.484
发表时间:
2003-03-19
期刊:
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子:
--
作者:
Singer, G;Oldt, R;Shih, IM
通讯作者:
Shih, IM