Mutations of BRAF and RAS are rare events in germ cell tumours

Mutations of BRAF and RAS are rare events in germ cell tumours
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BRAF 和 RAS 突变在生殖细胞肿瘤中罕见

DOI:
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发表时间:
2005
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
A. Tannapfel
A. Tannapfel
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
F. Sommerer;U. Hengge;Annett Markwarth;Susanne Vomschloss;J. Stolzenburg;C. Wittekind;A. Tannapfel

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BRAF 基因是人类 RAF 亚型之一,由致癌 Ras 激活,导致细胞对生长因子信号产生协同效应。最近,在多种人类肿瘤中检测到 BRAF 基因的体细胞错义突变。我们研究了男性生殖细胞肿瘤 (GCT) 中 BRAF 和 Ras 癌基因的可能突变。使用单核苷酸或二核苷酸标记物分析微卫星不稳定性(MSI)。对不同肿瘤成分进行显微解剖后,对 62 个 GCT(30 个精原细胞瘤和 32 个非精原细胞瘤)进行了突变分析。通过免疫组织化学方法评估了 Ras-RAF-MEK-Erk 通路中重要的下游汇聚点 Erk1/2 的表达。在 32 例非精原细胞瘤病例中,有 3 例 (9%) 发现了激活 BRAF 错义突变,但在精原细胞瘤中则没有。这些突变是 1796T>A 突变,在这些肿瘤的胚胎癌成分中发现。 30 例精原细胞瘤中有 2 例 (7%) 和 32 例非精原细胞瘤中有 3 例 (9%) 表现出 KRAS 基因突变。在 62 个肿瘤中的 4 个(7%)中观察到 MSI [1 个精原细胞瘤和 3 个非精原细胞瘤(胚胎癌)]。所有微卫星不稳定胚胎癌均具有突变的 BRAF 基因。所有 5 个具有 RAS 突变的 GCT 均具有完整的 BRAF 基因。我们在几乎所有测试的肿瘤中都发现了组成型激活的 Erk。我们的数据表明,BRAF 基因突变在 GCT 中是罕见事件,并且与 KRAS 突变无关。在胚胎癌中,BRAF 突变可能与这些肿瘤修复 DNA 中不匹配碱基的能力有关。激活 Erk 的发现表明 GCT 中 MAPK 激活的致病作用与激活 BRAF 或 RAS 突变无关。
The BRAF gene, one of the human isoforms of RAF, is activated by oncogenic Ras, leading to cooperative effects in cells responding to growth factor signals. Recently, somatic missense mutations in the BRAF gene have been detected in a variety of human tumors. We have studied male germ cell tumours (GCT) for probable mutations of the BRAF and Ras oncogene. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was analysed using mono‐ or di‐nucleotide marker. Mutational analysis of 62 GCT (30 seminomas and 32 nonseminomas) was performed after microdissection of the different tumour components. The expression of Erk1/2, an important downstream point of convergence in the Ras‐RAF‐MEK‐Erk pathway was assessed immunohistochemically. Activating BRAF missense mutations were identified in 3 out of 32 cases of nonseminomas (9%) but not in seminomas. The mutations were 1796T>A mutations and were found within the embryonic carcinoma component of these tumors. Two out of 30 seminomas (7%) and 3 out of 32 nonseminomas (9%) exhibited KRAS gene mutations. MSI was observed in 4 out 62 tumours (7%) [1 seminoma and 3 nonseminomas (embryonal carcinoma)]. All of the microsatellite instable embryonal carcinomas had a mutated BRAF gene. All 5 GCT with RAS mutations had an intact BRAF gene. We identified constitutively activated Erk in almost all tumours tested. Our data indicate that BRAF gene mutations are a rare event in GCT and are independent of KRAS mutations. In embryonal carcinomas, BRAF mutations may be linked to the proficiency of these tumours in repairing mismatched bases in DNA. The finding of activated Erk suggests a causative role for MAPK activation in GCT independent of activating BRAF or RAS mutations.
男性生殖细胞肿瘤的遗传学视角。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1998
期刊: Seminars in oncology.
影响因子: --
作者:
Murty,VV;Chaganti,RS
通讯作者: Chaganti,RS
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1933
发表时间: 2018-01-01
期刊: CANCER RESEARCH
影响因子: 11.2
作者:
Hua, Kuo-Tai;Hong, Jin-Bong;Liao, Yi-Hua
通讯作者: Liao, Yi-Hua
DOI: 10.1093/jnci/95.6.484
发表时间: 2003-03-19
期刊: JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子: --
作者:
Singer, G;Oldt, R;Shih, IM
通讯作者: Shih, IM