Astrocytic Calcium Signals Induced by Neuromodulators via Functional Metabotropic Receptors in the Ventral Respiratory Group of Neonatal Mice
Astrocytic Calcium Signals Induced by Neuromodulators via Functional Metabotropic Receptors in the Ventral Respiratory Group of Neonatal Mice
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DOI：
10.1002/glia.20808
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Huelsmann, Swen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haertel, Kai;Schnell, Christian;Huelsmann, Swen
肺部和大气之间受控的周期性空气交换需要脑干腹侧呼吸群（VRG）中的神经元网络产生的神经元节律。神经胶质细胞，例如星形胶质细胞已被证明有助于稳定发育过程中中枢神经系统的这种神经元活动。此外，多种神经调节剂包括血清素（5-HT）、P物质（SP）和促甲状腺素释放激素（TRH）直接刺激呼吸神经元。如果 VRG 中的星形胶质细胞像它们的神经元邻居一样，也直接受到神经调节剂的刺激，它们可能会间接影响呼吸神经元，从而影响呼吸节律。在本研究中，我们通过免疫组织化学证明 VRG 星形胶质细胞中 NK1-R、TRH-R 和 5-HT2-R 的表达来支持这一概念。此外，我们还发现，神经调节剂 5-HT、SP 和 TRH 的外部应用可激活 VRG 星形胶质细胞中的钙瞬变。因此，我们假设在新生小鼠的 VRG 中，SP、TRH 和血清素的神经调节也涉及星形细胞钙信号传导。 (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A controlled, periodic exchange of air between lungs and atmosphere requires a neuronal rhythm generated by a network of neurons in the ventral respiratory group (VRG) of the brainstem. Glial cells, e.g. astrocytes, have been shown to be supportive in stabilizing this neuronal activity in the central nervous system during development. In addition, a variety of neuromodulators including serotonin (5-HT), Substance P (SP), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate respiratory neurons directly. If astrocytes in the VRG, like their neuronal neighbors, are also directly stimulated by neuromodulators, they might indirectly affect the respiratory neurons and consequently the respiratory rhythm. In the present study, we provide support for this concept by demonstrating expression of NK1-R, TRH-R, and 5-HT2-R in astrocytes of the VRG with immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we showed that the external application of the neuromodulators 5-HT, SP, and TRH activate calcium transients in VRG astrocytes. Consequently, we postulate that in the VRG of the neonatal mouse, neuromodulation by SP, TRH, and serotonin also involves astrocytic calcium signaling. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.