Information Gaps: A Theory of Preferences Regarding the Presence and Absence of Information
Information Gaps: A Theory of Preferences Regarding the Presence and Absence of Information
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DOI：
10.1037/dec0000068
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Loewenstein, George
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golman, Russell;Loewenstein, George
我们提出了一个获取或避免信息和暴露于不确定性的偏好理论（即，风险或模糊性），这是基于对信息的想法和感觉以及信息差距，即决策者认识和意识到的具体问题。在我们的理论框架中，效用不仅取决于物质回报，还取决于信念和对信念的关注。我们指定的假设有关的决定因素的注意信息差距，描述了一个特定的效用函数，描述了信息差距的感觉，并与例子表明，我们的理论可以使意义的非工具性信息的获取和避免可能有用的信息，以及源特定的风险和模糊性规避和寻求。
We propose a theory of preferences for acquiring or avoiding information and for exposure to uncertainty (i.e., risk or ambiguity) which is based on thoughts and feelings about information as well as information gaps, that is, specific questions that the decision maker recognizes and is aware of. In our theoretical framework utility depends not just on material payoffs but also on beliefs and the attention devoted to them. We specify assumptions regarding the determinants of attention to information gaps, characterize a specific utility function that describes feelings about information gaps, and show with examples that our theory can make sense both of the acquisition of noninstrumental information and of the avoidance of possibly useful information, as well as source-specific risk and ambiguity aversion and seeking.