Seasonal distribution of air-borne pathogenic and free-living amoebae in Mexico City and its suburbs
Seasonal distribution of air-borne pathogenic and free-living amoebae in Mexico City and its suburbs
复制标题
墨西哥城及其郊区空气传播的致病性和自由生活的变形虫的季节分布
DOI：
10.1007/bf01257148
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Victor Rivera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Rivera;P. Bonilla;E. Ramírez;A. Calderón;E. Gallegos;S. Rodríguez;R. Ortíz;D. Hernández;Victor Rivera
一项为期一年的调查是为了分离悬浮在墨西哥城及其郊区空气中的变形虫。采样站被放置在大都市地区的四个基点上。采用选择性培养基对分离的变形虫进行培养。利用专门的分类键和物理和生理试验进行鉴定，并进行统计分析，确定物理化学和生物参数之间的相关性。分离得到108株，其中脑内接种致病性19株，鼻内接种致病性9株。棘阿米巴属、Vahlkampfia属和hartmannella属的种类最多。多食棘阿米巴的丰度最高。在研究期间，二氧化硫、一氧化碳、一氧化氮和二氧化氮多次超过墨西哥政府规定的允许水平。变形虫形成囊的能力和囊的大小是其在大气中存在、存活、丰度和多样性的重要因素。空气传播阿米巴的主要来源是土壤。风速和风向、较低的相对湿度、频繁的沙尘暴、车辆交通对变形虫的再悬浮、靠近垃圾场和大面积裸露土壤是影响变形虫发生和多样性的因素。土壤覆盖是减少空中变形虫发病率和多样性的一个因素。这项研究表明，在墨西哥城的大气中存在可存活的阿米巴虫囊，这可能对某些人类过敏和疾病具有潜在的重要性。需要进一步的研究来发现强制性、两栖类或机会性阿米巴寄生虫在空中存在的活囊，并澄清当地气象和物理化学环境对大气中存在的自由生活的阿米巴的定性和定量影响。
A survey was carried out over a one-year period to isolate amoebae suspended in the air of Mexico City and its suburbs. Sampling stations were placed at the four cardinal points of the metropolitan area. Selective media were used to culture the amoebae isolated. Specialized taxonomic keys and physical and physiological tests were used for identification, and a statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlations between physico-chemical and biological parameters. 108 strains were isolated, of which 19 were pathogenic via intracerebral inoculation and 9 via intranasal inoculation. Species of the generaAcanthamoeba, Vahlkampfia andHartmannella were most abundant.Acanthamoeba polyphaga showed the highest abundance. Several times during the period of the study SO2 O3, CO, NO and NO2 exceeded the permissible levels established by the Mexican government. The ability of amoebae to form cysts and cyst size were important factors for their presence, survival, abundance and diversity in the atmosphere. The main source of air-borne amoebae was the soil. Factors that favored the incidence and diversity of the isolates were wind speed and direction, low relative humidity, generation of frequent dust-storms, resuspension of amoebae by vehicular traffic, proximity to garbage dumps and large extensions of bare soil. Soil cover was a factor associated with a reduction in the incidence and diversity of the aerial amoebae. This study demonstrates that there are viable cysts of amoebae in the atmosphere of Mexico City, that may have potential importance in the case of certain kinds of human allergies and diseases. Further research is needed to find out the aerial presence of viable cysts of obligatory, amphizoic or opportunistic amoebic parasites, and to clarify the qualitative and quantitative effects of the local meteorological and physico-chemical environment on the free-living amoebae present in the atmosphere.