Hypertension in developing countries
Hypertension in developing countries
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60861-7
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发表时间：
2012-08-11
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Damasceno, Albertino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ibrahim, M. Mohsen;Damasceno, Albertino
来自不同国家和区域调查的数据显示，高血压在发展中国家很普遍，特别是在城市地区，而且知晓率、治疗率和控制率都很低。几种高血压危险因素在发展中国家似乎比发达地区更常见。一系列调查的结果表明，发展中国家的高血压患病率越来越高，这可能是由城市化、人口老龄化、饮食习惯的变化和社会压力造成的。高文盲率、难以获得卫生设施、不良的饮食习惯、贫困和高昂的药品价格是导致血压控制不佳的原因。由于资金少、基础设施差和缺乏经验，许多发展中国家的卫生系统不足。优先关注急性疾病、儿童和孕产妇保健以及传染病的控制。各国政府应与医学会和非政府组织一道，支持和促进旨在提高公众认识、教育医生和减少盐摄入量的预防方案。应加强对食品工业以及仿制药生产和可获得性的监管。
Data from different national and regional surveys show that hypertension is common in developing countries, particularly in urban areas, and that rates of awareness, treatment, and control are low. Several hypertension risk factors seem to be more common in developing countries than in developed regions. Findings from serial surveys show an increasing prevalence of hypertension in developing countries, possibly caused by urbanisation, ageing of population, changes to dietary habits, and social stress. High illiteracy rates, poor access to health facilities, bad dietary habits, poverty, and high costs of drugs contribute to poor blood pressure control. The health system in many developing countries is inadequate because of low funds, poor infrastructure, and inexperience. Priority is given to acute disorders, child and maternal health care, and control of communicable diseases. Governments, together with medical societies and non-governmental organisations, should support and promote preventive programmes aiming to increase public awareness, educate physicians, and reduce salt intake. Regulations for the food industry and the production and availability of generic drugs should be reinforced.