The intergenerational effects of Indian Residential Schools: Implications for the concept of historical trauma
The intergenerational effects of Indian Residential Schools: Implications for the concept of historical trauma
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DOI：
10.1177/1363461513503380
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Anisman, Hymie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bombay, Amy;Matheson, Kimberly;Anisman, Hymie
本文回顾了探索加拿大印第安人寄宿学校(IRS)制度代际影响的研究，在该制度下，土著儿童被迫生活在各种形式的忽视和虐待普遍的学校。代际国税局创伤继续损害当今土著人口的福祉，有国税局服务的家族史也与更频繁的当代应激源经历和相对更大的应激源对福祉的影响联系在一起。研究还表明，一个家庭中几代人的家庭国税局出勤率似乎具有累积效应。总之，这些发现为历史创伤的概念提供了经验支持，该概念的观点是，针对一个群体的多次持续攻击的后果可能会在几代人的时间内积累，并与邻近的应激源相互作用，破坏集体福祉。尽管历史创伤可能与病理学有关，但不可能追溯到过去，以评估土著人民以前遭受的创伤可能与随后对国税局创伤的反应之间的关系。尽管如此，目前已有的研究证明了口服避孕药的代际影响，支持了这些经历的持久负面后果，以及历史创伤在造成当今福祉差距方面的作用。
The current paper reviews research that has explored the intergenerational effects of the Indian Residential School (IRS) system in Canada, in which Aboriginal children were forced to live at schools where various forms of neglect and abuse were common. Intergenerational IRS trauma continues to undermine the well-being of today's Aboriginal population, and having a familial history of IRS attendance has also been linked with more frequent contemporary stressor experiences and relatively greater effects of stressors on well-being. It is also suggested that familial IRS attendance across several generations within a family appears to have cumulative effects. Together, these findings provide empirical support for the concept of historical trauma, which takes the perspective that the consequences of numerous and sustained attacks against a group may accumulate over generations and interact with proximal stressors to undermine collective well-being. As much as historical trauma might be linked to pathology, it is not possible to go back in time to assess how previous traumas endured by Aboriginal peoples might be related to subsequent responses to IRS trauma. Nonetheless, the currently available research demonstrating the intergenerational effects of IRSs provides support for the enduring negative consequences of these experiences and the role of historical trauma in contributing to present day disparities in well-being.