Aberrant Salience Is Related to Dysfunctional Self-Referential Processing in Psychosis
Aberrant Salience Is Related to Dysfunctional Self-Referential Processing in Psychosis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbv098
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Schlagenhauf, Florian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pankow, Anne;Katthagen, Teresa;Schlagenhauf, Florian
背景。自我相关和不相关信息之间的功能失调可能会影响对环境刺激异常显著性的感知。异常显著性假说认为，阳性症状源于对不相关刺激的显著性归因，并伴有自我相关性的感觉。自我参照加工依赖于皮层中线结构的激活，这在精神病中被证明是受损的。我们研究了自我参照加工、异常显著性归因的神经关联，以及这两种测量在精神病连续体中的关系。方法。研究对象为29例精神分裂症患者，24例亚临床妄想症健康人，50例健康人。异常显著性是通过对任务无关线索的反应时间来评估的。在功能磁共振成像期间，参与者进行了一项自我参照任务，他们必须对自己或公众人物使用中性特征词。检验了自我参照加工与异常显著性归因的相关性。结果。精神分裂症患者比健康对照者和亚临床妄想患者表现出更高的异常显著性归因，而后者表现出中等的异常显著性得分。在自我参照任务中，精神分裂症患者表现出腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）的激活减少，但亚临床妄想患者与健康对照组没有差异。在精神分裂症患者中，vmPFC激活与内隐异常显著性归因负相关。结论。精神分裂症患者较高的异常显著性归因与自我参照判断时vmPFC激活减少有关，提示异常相关编码反映在神经自我参照加工减少以及异常显著性归因中。
Background. A dysfunctional differentiation between self-relevant and irrelevant information may affect the perception of environmental stimuli as abnormally salient. The aberrant salience hypothesis assumes that positive symptoms arise from an attribution of salience to irrelevant stimuli accompanied by the feeling of self-relevance. Self-referential processing relies on the activation of cortical midline structures which was demonstrated to be impaired in psychosis. We investigated the neural correlates of self-referential processing, aberrant salience attribution, and the relationship between these 2 measures across the psychosis continuum. Methods. Twenty-nine schizophrenia patients, 24 healthy individuals with subclinical delusional ideation, and 50 healthy individuals participated in this study. Aberrant salience was assessed behaviorally in terms of reaction times to task irrelevant cues. Participants performed a self-reference task during fMRI in which they had to apply neutral trait words to them or to a public figure. The correlation between self-referential processing and aberrant salience attribution was tested. Results. Schizophrenia patients displayed increased aberrant salience attribution compared with healthy controls and individuals with subclinical delusional ideation, while the latter exhibited intermediate aberrant salience scores. In the self-reference task, schizophrenia patients showed reduced activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), but individuals with subclinical delusional ideation did not differ from healthy controls. In schizophrenia patients, vmPFC activation correlated negatively with implicit aberrant salience attribution. Conclusions. Higher aberrant salience attribution in schizophrenia patients is related to reduced vmPFC activation during self-referential judgments suggesting that aberrant relevance coding is reflected in decreased neural self-referential processing as well as in aberrant salience attribution.