Visual screening of Swedish children:: An ophthalmological evaluation
Visual screening of Swedish children:: An ophthalmological evaluation
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0420.2001.790306.x
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lennerstrand, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kvarnström, G;Jakobsson, P;Lennerstrand, G
目的：本研究描述了瑞典儿童视力筛查计划中检测到的各种眼科疾病。方法：该研究是纵向和回顾性的，对 1982 年出生于瑞典三个城市的所有儿童 (3126) 进行了从出生到 10 岁的跟踪调查。在4岁、5.5岁、7岁和10岁时检查视力。 4岁前进行眼睛大体检查。结果：人群屈光不正患病率为7.7%，斜视患病率为3.1%，器质性病变患病率为0.6%。 7 名儿童（0.2%）有视力障碍（较好眼的视力小于或等于 0.3）。屈光不正和小斜视主要在4岁时首次进行视力检查时发现，而许多情况下明显斜视是在该年龄之前发现的。通过此次筛查及后续的诊断和治疗，深度弱视（视力小于或等于0.3）的患病率已从2%降低至0.2%，经过治疗，47%的弱视儿童视力达到0.7以上。结论：视力筛查可有效发现视力和眼部疾病。大多数情况是在6岁之前发现的，与未筛查人群相比，弱视的患病率大大降低。
Purpose: This study describes the various ophthalmological conditions detected in the Swedish visual screening program for children.Methods: The study was longitudinal and retrospective, All children (3126) born in 1982 in three Swedish municipalities have been followed from birth to ten years of age. Visual acuity was examined at the ages of 4, 5.5, 7 and 10 years. Before the age of 4, a gross examination of the eyes was performed.Results: The prevalence of ametropia in the population was 7.7%, the prevalence of strabismus 3.1%, and the prevalence of organic lesions 0.6%. Seven children (0.2%) were visually handicapped (visual acuity less than or equal to 0.3 in the better eye). Refractive errors and microtropias were mainly detected at the age of 4, when the first visual acuity test was performed, while manifest strabismus was in many cases detected before this age. With this screening and subsequent diagnosis and treatment, the prevalence of deep amblyopia (visual acuity less than or equal to 0.3) has been reduced from 2% to 0.2%, With treatment, 47% of the amblyopic children achieved a visual acuity better than 0.7.Conclusion: Visual screening is effective in detecting visual and ocular disorders. Most conditions are discovered before the age of 6, Compared to an unscreened population, the prevalence of amblyopia is greatly reduced.