Polar Opposites: The Legislative Management of Archaeological Research in Italy and England and the Challenge of Public Participation
Polar Opposites: The Legislative Management of Archaeological Research in Italy and England and the Challenge of Public Participation
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截然相反：意大利和英国考古研究的立法管理与公众参与的挑战
作者：
F. Benetti;G. Brogiolo
在不同的欧洲国家，公众参与考古学研究的解释各不相同。尽管国际组织（例如联合国教科文组织和欧洲理事会）和学术界促进公众参与，但实践者能够在多大程度上实施这些想法取决于每个国家的文化遗产立法允许（或鼓励）的程度，以及考古学家对公众参与的态度。本文认为，英国和意大利的系统，特别是立法的后果，促进或禁止公众参与，特别是在有关考古实地研究。首先将简要比较两国的国家、考古管理和公众参与之间的关系，然后将考察英国和意大利规范考古研究的立法，比较两种制度的优缺点。
Public participation in archaeological research is interpreted in various ways in different European states. Even though public participation is promoted by international organizations (e.g. UNESCO and Council of Europe) and the academic community, the extent to which the practitioners can implement these ideas is a matter of what is allowed (or encouraged) by cultural heritage legislation in every country, and of archaeologists’ attitudes towards public engagement. This paper considers the English and Italian systems, and in particular the consequences that legislation has on fostering or forbidding public participation, especially in relation to archaeological field research. It will start with a brief comparison of the relationship between the state, archaeological management, and public participation in both countries, then it will examine the legislation regulating archaeological research in England and Italy, to compare the strengths and weaknesses of both systems.