Adaptation and extinction in changing environments.
Adaptation and extinction in changing environments.
复制标题
不断变化的环境中的适应和灭绝。
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-0348-8882-0_12
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lynch,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burger,R;Lynch,M
种群的灭绝风险取决于其人口特性、所处的环境条件以及其应对和适应环境的遗传潜力。所有这些因素都可能具有随机性和方向性。本章审查了几种类型的模型，这些模型涉及小人口对人口随机性和环境随机和方向性变化的脆弱性。特别是，探讨了突变和遗传变异对种群持续时间的影响，估计了环境变化的临界率，超过该临界率后，几乎可以确定几十代到几千代的时间尺度上的灭绝，并比较了上述因素造成的灭绝风险。
The extinction risk of a population is determined by its demographic properties, the environmental conditions to which it is exposed, and its genetic potential to cope with and adapt to its environment. All these factors may have stochastic as well as directional components. The present chapter reviews several types of models concerned with the vulnerability of small populations to demographic stochasticity and to random and directional changes of the environment. In particular, the influence of mutation and genetic variability on the persistence time of a population is explored, critical rates for environmental change are estimated beyond which extinction on time scales of tens to a few thousand generations is virtually certain, and the extinction risks caused by the above mentioned factors are compared.