Enhancing Channelrhodopsins: An Overview.

Enhancing Channelrhodopsins: An Overview.
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增强视紫红质通道:概述。

DOI:
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Matthias Prigge
Matthias Prigge
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jonas Wietek;Matthias Prigge

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在光门控离子通道视紫红质被发现后,只有少数人看到了这种蛋白质的多种应用。现在,超过10年后,视紫红质已被广泛接受为通过照明控制可兴奋细胞膜电位的最终工具。对更多应用特定的视紫红质变体的需求开始了蛋白质工程师之间的竞赛,以设计改进的变体。尽管许多工程变异与野生型变异相比具有无可争议的优势,但许多用户被大量的新变异及其令人困惑的名称所疏远。在这里,我们回顾了其功效已经在神经生理学实验中得到证明的新变体,或者可能扩展光遗传学工具箱的变体。变体根据其表达、动力学、离子选择性和波长响应性方面的机械和操作性质进行描述。
After the discovery of Channelrhodopsin, a light-gated ion channel, only a few people saw the diverse range of applications for such a protein. Now, more than 10 years later Channelrhodopsins have become widely accepted as the ultimate tool to control the membrane potential of excitable cells via illumination. The demand for more application-specific Channelrhodopsin variants started a race between protein engineers to design improved variants. Even though many engineered variants have undisputable advantages compared to wild-type variants, many users are alienated by the tremendous amount of new variants and their perplexing names. Here, we review new variants whose efficacy has already been proven in neurophysiological experiments, or variants which are likely to extend the optogenetic toolbox. Variants are described based on their mechanistic and operational properties in terms of expression, kinetics, ion selectivity, and wavelength responsivity.
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