Fire carbon emissions over maritime southeast Asia in 2015 largest since 1997.
Fire carbon emissions over maritime southeast Asia in 2015 largest since 1997.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep26886
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发表时间：
2016-05-31
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
van Weele M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huijnen V;Wooster MJ;Kaiser JW;Gaveau DL;Flemming J;Parrington M;Inness A;Murdiyarso D;Main B;van Weele M
2015年9月和10月，东南亚大部分海域（尤其是印度尼西亚）发生了大面积的森林和泥炭地火灾，将大量陆地储存的碳释放到大气中，主要以CO2、CO和CH4的形式存在。2015年9月至10月期间，这些火灾的平均排放量为每天11.3 Tg CO2，超过了欧盟（EU28）的化石燃料二氧化碳排放量（每天8.9 Tg CO2）。尽管在印度尼西亚发现的人类改造景观中经常发生季节性火灾，但2015年火灾的范围因与强厄尔尼诺Niño相关的长期干旱而大大扩大。我们估计，2015年大火造成的碳排放量是自1997年厄尔尼诺Niño破纪录大火以来东南亚海域最大的一次。与该事件相比，通过使用当前卫星观测到的火灾辐射功率输出和大气CO浓度，利用哥白尼大气监测服务（CAMS）的建模和同化框架进行处理，并结合在加里曼丹进行的独特的现场烟雾测量，可以对2015年的火灾做出更好的区域碳排放总量估算。
In September and October 2015 widespread forest and peatland fires burned over large parts of maritime southeast Asia, most notably Indonesia, releasing large amounts of terrestrially-stored carbon into the atmosphere, primarily in the form of CO2, CO and CH4. With a mean emission rate of 11.3 Tg CO2 per day during Sept-Oct 2015, emissions from these fires exceeded the fossil fuel CO2 release rate of the European Union (EU28) (8.9 Tg CO2 per day). Although seasonal fires are a frequent occurrence in the human modified landscapes found in Indonesia, the extent of the 2015 fires was greatly inflated by an extended drought period associated with a strong El Niño. We estimate carbon emissions from the 2015 fires to be the largest seen in maritime southeast Asia since those associated with the record breaking El Niño of 1997. Compared to that event, a much better constrained regional total carbon emission estimate can be made for the 2015 fires through the use of present-day satellite observations of the fire’s radiative power output and atmospheric CO concentrations, processed using the modelling and assimilation framework of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) and combined with unique in situ smoke measurements made on Kalimantan.