Void Nucleation During Ductile Rupture of Metals: A Review
Void Nucleation During Ductile Rupture of Metals: A Review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101085
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
37.4
通讯作者：
P. Noell;R. Sills;A. A. Benzerga-A.;B. Boyce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Noell;R. Sills;A. A. Benzerga-A.;B. Boyce
金属延性断裂是一种影响从汽车覆盖件成形到压力容器失效的广泛应用的现象。初始阶段涉及到纳米级内部空洞的形成，这是一种很难预测的关键过渡状态。早期关于韧性断裂的实验导致了几种描述成核阶段的相互矛盾或相互竞争的模型。本文根据可能引发形核的微观结构特征，例如空位、第二相粒子、晶界和位错晶胞边界；驱动形核的条件，例如应力水平、应力状态和温度；以及控制形核的材料性能，例如模数、屈服强度和加工硬化，来区分形核过程。这种对观测和模型的回顾导致了对知识状况的关键评估，并为未来的研究方向提供了指导，包括对新兴材料类别(如大块金属玻璃、高熵合金和纳米结构金属)中空穴形核过程的潜在机制变化的简要总结。这项评估还定义了关键实验和模型开发，这些实验和模型开发将有助于改进延性断裂过程的预测和损伤容限材料的设计。这些对延性断裂早期阶段的了解的改进可以带来更好的材料、改进的制造和检验方案、更精确的预测模型、更高效的工程实践和更安全的工程结构。
Ductile rupture in metals is a phenomenon that affects a wide range of applications from forming of automotive body panels to failure of pressure vessels. The incipient stage involves the formation of nanoscale internal voids, a critical transition state that is difficult to predict. Early experiments on ductile rupture led to several conflicting or competing models that describe the nucleation phase. The present review distinguishes the nucleation process based on the microstructural features that can trigger nucleation, e.g. vacancies, second-phase particles, grain boundaries, and dislocation cell boundaries; the conditions that drive nucleation, e.g. stress level, stress state, and temperature; and the materials properties that govern nucleation, e.g. modulus, yield strength, and work hardening. This review of observations and models leads to a critical assessment of the state of knowledge and provides guidance for future research directions, including a brief summary of the potential mechanistic changes to void nucleation processes in emerging material classes such as bulk metallic glasses, high entropy alloys, and nanostructured metals. This assessment also defines critical experiments and model developments that will enable improved prediction of ductile rupture processes and design of damage-tolerant materials. Such improvements in the understanding of the incipient phase of ductile rupture can lead to better materials, improved manufacturing and inspection protocols, more precise predictive models, more efficient engineering practices, and safer engineered structures.