Feeling Worse to Feel Better: Pain-Offset Relief Simultaneously Stimulates Positive Affect and Reduces Negative Affect
Feeling Worse to Feel Better: Pain-Offset Relief Simultaneously Stimulates Positive Affect and Reduces Negative Affect
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797612458805
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Prinstein, Mitchell J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Franklin, Joseph C.;Lee, Kent M.;Prinstein, Mitchell J.
虽然疼痛本身会引起负面影响，但疼痛的消除（或抵消）会引起一种强大的缓解状态。尽管被牵连在广泛的心理和行为现象，救济仍然是一个知之甚少的情绪。特别是，一些理论家将缓解与积极影响的增加联系起来，而另一些理论家则将缓解与消极影响的减少联系起来。在本研究中，我们研究了缓解的情感性质的疼痛抵消范式与心理生理学措施，具体到负价（惊吓眨眼反应）和正价（惊吓poculicular反应）。结果显示，疼痛抵消同时刺激积极的影响，并减少至少几秒钟的负面影响。结果还表明，疼痛强度差异影响积极和消极的效价方面的救济。这些发现澄清了救济的情感本质，并提供了深入了解为什么人们从事与救济相关的正常和异常行为。
Although pain itself induces negative affect, the removal (or offset) of pain induces a powerful state of relief. Despite being implicated in a wide range of psychological and behavioral phenomena, relief remains a poorly understood emotion. In particular, some theorists associate relief with increased positive affect, whereas others associate relief with diminished negative affect. In the present study, we examined the affective nature of relief in a pain-offset paradigm with psychophysiological measures that were specific to negative valence (startle eyeblink reactivity) and positive valence (startle postauricular reactivity). Results revealed that pain offset simultaneously stimulates positive affect and diminishes negative affect for at least several seconds. Results also indicated that pain intensity differentially affects the positive and negative valence aspects of relief. These findings clarify the affective nature of relief and provide insight into why people engage in both normal and abnormal behaviors associated with relief.