Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine is not the major surfactant phospholipid species in all mammals
Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine is not the major surfactant phospholipid species in all mammals
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.00496.2004
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Daniels, CB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lang, CJ;Postle, AD;Daniels, CB
肺表面活性物质是一种脂质和蛋白质的复杂混合物，可降低末端空气空间的表面张力，对肺功能至关重要。在动物物种内，表面活性剂组成可受发育、疾病、呼吸速率和/或体温影响。在此，我们分析了三种异温哺乳动物的表面活性剂组成（dunnarts，蝙蝠，松鼠），显示不同的休眠模式，以确定：1）是否增加表面活性剂胆固醇（Chol）和磷脂（PL）的饱和度发生在长期休眠松鼠，蝙蝠和dunnarts; 2）表面活性剂蛋白质是否改变在休眠期间;（3）PL分子种类（molsp）组成是否改变。此外，我们还分析了另外9种哺乳动物（包括胎盘/有袋动物和异温/恒温动物）的molsp组成，以确定哺乳动物中的molsp组成是否与胚胎发育或热行为有关。我们发现，像蝙蝠和dunnarts，表面活性剂Chol增加在松鼠的麻痹。然而，PL饱和度的变化在休眠期间可能不是普遍的。麻痹是伴随着减少表面活性剂蛋白A在dunnarts和松鼠，但不是在蝙蝠，而表面活性剂蛋白B没有改变任何物种。磷脂酰胆碱（PC）16：0/16：0在哺乳动物之间是高度可变的，并且不是袋熊、邓纳特、鼩 鼱或袋獾中的主要PL。在PC 16：0/16：0和两个主要流化组分PC 16：0/16：1和PC 16：0/14：0之间存在反比关系。一个动物物种的PL molsp谱不是由繁殖或热行为决定的。我们得出结论，没有单一的PL molsp组合物，在所有哺乳动物中发挥最佳作用;相反，来自每种动物的表面活性剂是独特的，并针对该动物的生物学。
Pulmonary surfactant, a complex mixture of lipids and proteins, lowers the surface tension in terminal air spaces and is crucial for lung function. Within an animal species, surfactant composition can be influenced by development, disease, respiratory rate, and/or body temperature. Here, we analyzed the composition of surfactant in three heterothermic mammals (dunnart, bat, squirrel), displaying different torpor patterns, to determine: 1) whether increases in surfactant cholesterol (Chol) and phospholipid (PL) saturation occur during long-term torpor in squirrels, as in bats and dunnarts; 2) whether surfactant proteins change during torpor; and 3) whether PL molecular species (molsp) composition is altered. In addition, we analyzed the molsp composition of a further nine mammals ( including placental/marsupial and hetero-/homeothermic contrasts) to determine whether phylogeny or thermal behavior determines molsp composition in mammals. We discovered that like bats and dunnarts, surfactant Chol increases during torpor in squirrels. However, changes in PL saturation during torpor may not be universal. Torpor was accompanied by a decrease in surfactant protein A in dunnarts and squirrels, but not in bats, whereas surfactant protein B did not change in any species. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) 16:0/16:0 is highly variable between mammals and is not the major PL in the wombat, dunnart, shrew, or Tasmanian devil. An inverse relationship exists between PC16:0/16:0 and two of the major fluidizing components, PC16:0/16:1 and PC16:0/14:0. The PL molsp profile of an animal species is not determined by phylogeny or thermal behavior. We conclude that there is no single PL molsp composition that functions optimally in all mammals; rather, surfactant from each animal is unique and tailored to the biology of that animal.