NET GAINS IN POLITICAL PARTICIPATION: Secondary effects of Internet on community
NET GAINS IN POLITICAL PARTICIPATION: Secondary effects of Internet on community
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政治参与的净收益：互联网对社区的次要影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Philip L. Isenhour
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andrea L. Kavanaugh;B. J. Kim;Manuel A. Pérez;Joseph Schmitz;Philip L. Isenhour
广泛和多样化的公民参与对民主社会至关重要。对舆论领导的研究表明，政治活跃的公民报告说，因特网信息和通信使他们能够更容易地了解新闻，与同胞互动或参与集体行动，从而有助于增加公民的参与。然而，关于不太活跃的公民的信息仍然很少。互联网是否影响了政治上被动的大多数公民，使他们更多地参与政治谈话或其他形式的参与？他们是否报告说，互联网有助于他们更多地参与政治问题，与其他公民或当地政府互动？这些在获得信息的主要影响之后产生的影响被认为是互联网对政治参与的次要影响（Sproull & Kiesler 1991）。本文介绍了弗吉尼亚州布莱克斯堡地区在成熟的社区计算机网络（布莱克斯堡电子村）背景下进行的地方政治参与案例研究的定量和定性结果。不仅政治上活跃的公民，而且一些政治上被动的公民也报告说，越来越多地使用互联网与其他公民和地方团体的成员就地方或国家问题进行沟通。此外，除了政治上积极的公民，一些政治上消极的公民报告说，网络日志（博客）通过临时政治谈话和知识共享促进了与其他公民的更多在线交流。这些研究结果有助我们了解互联网对本地社区政治参与的次级影响。
Broad and diverse civic participation is essential to a democratic society. Studies of opinion leadership show that politically active citizens report that Internet information and communication helped increase civic involvement by enabling them to keep up more easily with news, interact with fellow citizens or engage in collective action. Yet information about less active citizens remains scant. Does the Internet influence the politically passive majority of citizens to become more involved in political talk or other forms of participation? Do they report that the Internet has been helpful in increasing their involvement in political issues, interactions with other citizens, or with local government? These kinds of impacts that follow the primary effect of gaining access to information are considered secondary effects of the Internet upon political participation (Sproull & Kiesler 1991). This article presents quantitative and qualitative findings from a case study of local political participation from the Blacksburg, Virginia region, within the context of a mature community computer network (the Blacksburg Electronic Village). Not only do politically active, but some politically passive citizens also report increased Internet use to communicate with other citizens and with fellow members of local groups about local or national issues. Further, in addition to politically active citizens, some politically passive citizens report that web logs (blogs) have fostered greater online exchange with other citizens through ad hoc political talk and knowledge sharing. These research findings help us to understand the secondary effects of the Internet on political participation in local communities.