Photodynamic Efficiency: From Molecular Photochemistry to Cell Death.
Photodynamic Efficiency: From Molecular Photochemistry to Cell Death.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms160920523
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发表时间：
2015-08-31
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Baptista MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bacellar IO;Tsubone TM;Pavani C;Baptista MS
光动力疗法（PDT）是用于治疗癌症和传染病的临床模式。主剂是光敏剂（PS），其被光激发并转化为三重激发态。后者导致单线态氧和氧化生物分子的自由基的形成。本次审查的主要动机是建议实现高效率的PDT协议的替代品，利用知识的化学和生物过程中发生的和光敏化后。我们认为，为了获得特定的细胞死亡机制和最大限度地提高PDT效率，PS应该氧化特定的分子靶点。我们考虑亚细胞定位的作用，PS光化学和光物理学如何根据其纳米环境发生变化，以及所有这些如何触发特定的细胞死亡机制。我们建议，为了开发PSes，将导致突破性的增强PDT的效率，研究人员应该首先考虑组织和细胞内的定位，而不是试图在体外测试中最大限度地提高单线态氧量子产率。除此之外，我们还指出了这一领域中存在的许多悬而未决的问题和挑战，希望能鼓励未来的研究。
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical modality used to treat cancer and infectious diseases. The main agent is the photosensitizer (PS), which is excited by light and converted to a triplet excited state. This latter species leads to the formation of singlet oxygen and radicals that oxidize biomolecules. The main motivation for this review is to suggest alternatives for achieving high-efficiency PDT protocols, by taking advantage of knowledge on the chemical and biological processes taking place during and after photosensitization. We defend that in order to obtain specific mechanisms of cell death and maximize PDT efficiency, PSes should oxidize specific molecular targets. We consider the role of subcellular localization, how PS photochemistry and photophysics can change according to its nanoenvironment, and how can all these trigger specific cell death mechanisms. We propose that in order to develop PSes that will cause a breakthrough enhancement in the efficiency of PDT, researchers should first consider tissue and intracellular localization, instead of trying to maximize singlet oxygen quantum yields in in vitro tests. In addition to this, we also indicate many open questions and challenges remaining in this field, hoping to encourage future research.