MagHop: Magnetic Spectrum Hopping for Securing Voltage and Current Magnetic Sensors
MagHop: Magnetic Spectrum Hopping for Securing Voltage and Current Magnetic Sensors
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/host55118.2023.10133158
复制
发表时间：
2023-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anomadarshi Barua;M. A. Faruque
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anomadarshi Barua;M. A. Faruque
电压和电流磁传感器（VCMSs）在安全关键系统中无处不在。它们使用磁场作为转换介质来感测输入信号。因此，如果攻击者通过使用故意的EMI或外部磁场来操纵该传感器的磁转换介质，则事后再多的安全机制也无济于事。幸运的是，我们的工作提供了一种防御这种形式的物理攻击。我们防御的核心思想是将磁场的频谱（用作传感器的转换介质）转移到攻击者未知的另一个频谱。此外，传导介质中携带磁场的频谱以伪随机方式变化，因此攻击者将无法跟踪它并将任何EMI注入其中。即使是可以改变EMI频率的扫描攻击者，也无法绕过我们的防御，因为我们的防御采用了检查和选择方法。由于传感器的换能介质中的磁场频谱在不同的频谱中跳跃，因此该防御被称为磁谱跳跃（MagHop）。虽然现有技术无法防止与输入信号具有相同频率的EMI，但MagHop被配备来处理现有技术的这种限制。此外，一个低功耗，实时一致的原型MagHop的设计，评估与现实世界的应用：并网逆变器。最后，我们彻底评估了MagHop在来自六个不同制造商的十个不同传感器上的性能，以证明其对VCMS的EMI或外部磁场注入攻击的鲁棒性。
Voltage and current magnetic sensors (VCMSs) are pervasive in safety-critical systems. They use a magnetic field as a transduction medium to sense the input signal. Therefore, if an attacker manipulates the magnetic transduction medium of this sensor by using an intentional EMI or external magnetic fields, no amount of security mechanism after the fact can help. Fortunately, our work provides a defense against this form of physical attack.The core idea of our defense is to shift the frequency spectrum of the magnetic field, which is used as the transduction medium of the sensor, to another spectrum unknown to an attacker. In addition, the frequency spectrum which carries the magnetic field in the transduction medium, is varied in a pseudo-random fashion so that the attacker will not be able to track it to inject any EMI into it. Even a sweeping attacker, who can vary the EMI’s frequency, cannot bypass our defense because of the check and select approach of our defense. As the magnetic field’s spectrum in the transduction medium of the sensor hops in a different spectrum, the defense is named as Magnetic Spectrum Hopping (MagHop). While prior works fail to prevent an EMI, which has the same frequency as the input signal, MagHop is equipped to handle this limitation of the prior works. Moreover, a low-power, real-time coherent prototype of MagHop is designed that is evaluated with a realworld application: a grid-tied inverter. Finally, we thoroughly evaluate MagHop on ten different sensors from six different manufacturers to prove its robustness against the EMI or external magnetic field injection attack on VCMSs.