Tipping and the dynamics of segregation
Tipping and the dynamics of segregation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1162/qjec.2008.123.1.177
复制
发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Rothstein, Jesse
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Card, David;Mas, Alexandre;Rothstein, Jesse
谢林（“Dynamic Models of Segregation，”Journal of Mathematical Sociology 1（1971），143-186）指出，极端的种族隔离可能源于白色偏好的社会互动：一旦社区中少数族裔的份额超过“临界点”，所有的白人都会离开。我们使用回归不连续的方法和人口普查道数据从1970年到2000年测试的不连续性的动态邻居种族组成。我们发现强有力的证据表明，在大多数城市，白色人口流动表现出类似小费的行为，其小费点的分布范围从5%到20%的少数民族份额。在郊区和现有的少数民族聚居地附近，付小费的现象很普遍。与白色人口流动相反，几乎没有证据表明租金或房价在临界点附近存在非线性。在白人种族态度更宽容的城市，引爆点更高。
Schelling ("Dynamic Models of Segregation," Journal of Mathematical Sociology 1 (1971), 143-186) showed that extreme segregation can arise from social interactions in white preferences: once the minority share in a neighborhood exceeds a "tipping point," all the whites leave. We use regression discontinuity methods and Census tract data from 1970 through 2000 to test for discontinuities in the dynamics of neighborhood racial composition. We find strong evidence that white population flows exhibit tipping-like behavior in most cities, with a distribution of tipping points ranging from 5% to 20% minority share. Tipping is prevalent both in the suburbs and near existing minority enclaves. In contrast to white population flows, there is little evidence of nonlinearities in rents or housing prices around the tipping point. Tipping points are higher in cities where whites have more tolerant racial attitudes.