Smokers Report Greater Demand for Alcohol on a Behavioral Economic Purchase Task
Smokers Report Greater Demand for Alcohol on a Behavioral Economic Purchase Task
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2013.74.626
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
MacKillop, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yurasek, Ali M.;Murphy, James G.;MacKillop, James
目的：吸烟者的饮酒量高于不吸烟者，且对酒精治疗的反应较差。吸烟者中观察到的更严重的酒精问题可能反映了对酒精相关强化的更敏感。本研究使用行为经济购买任务来调查酗酒吸烟者是否比酗酒不吸烟者对酒精有更大的需求。方法：参与者为 207 名大学生，他们在过去一个月内至少报告过一次酗酒事件。在 207 名参与者中，33.2%（n = 67）表示在过去一个月中至少有 1 天吸烟。参与者完成了假设的酒精购买任务，这是一项模拟任务，要求他们报告以不同的价格增量购买多少饮料。结果：在控制参与者报告的饮酒量、性别、酒精问题和抑郁症后，协方差分析显示，重度饮酒吸烟者报告的最大酒精支出（O-max）显着更高，最大非弹性价格（P-max）更大，并且断点值更高（第一个价格将消费抑制到零）。结论：同时吸烟的大学生酗酒者对酒精的需求增加。因此，处于高风险发展阶段的吸烟者可能对价格和其他意外事件不太敏感，否则这些意外事件将有助于调节饮酒，并且可能需要更强化的干预方法。
Objective: Cigarette smokers have higher levels of alcohol consumption than nonsmokers and poorer response to alcohol treatment. It is possible that the greater severity of alcohol problems observed in smokers reflects a greater susceptibility to alcohol-related reinforcement. The present study used a behavioral economic purchase task to investigate whether heavy drinking smokers would have greater demand for alcohol than heavy drinking nonsmokers. Method: Participants were 207 college students who reported at least one heavy drinking episode in the past month. Of the 207 participants, 33.2% (n = 67) reported smoking cigarettes at least 1 day in the past month. Participants completed the hypothetical alcohol purchase task, a simulation task that asked them to report how many drinks they would purchase at varying price increments. Results: After the participants' reported alcohol consumption, gender, alcohol problems, and depression were controlled for, analyses of covariance revealed that heavy drinking smokers had significantly greater reported maximum alcohol expenditures (O-max), greater maximum inelastic price (P-max), and higher breakpoint values (first price suppressing consumption to zero). Conclusions: College student heavy drinkers who also smoke cigarettes exhibit increased demand for alcohol. Smokers in this high-risk developmental stage may thus be less sensitive to price and other contingencies that would otherwise serve to modulate drinking and may require more intensive intervention approaches.