Effects of large historical earthquakes, viscous relaxation, and tectonic loading on the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Effects of large historical earthquakes, viscous relaxation, and tectonic loading on the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
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历史大地震、粘性松弛和构造载荷对2008年汶川地震的影响

DOI:
10.1029/2011jb009046
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发表时间:
2012-06
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
胡才博
胡才博
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
胡才博

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2008年汶川地震(M7.9)发生在中国四川龙门山断层上。该断裂的地震活动性和滑动速率均低于区内其它断裂。通过将该地区过去222年的大地震纳入我们的调查中,使用准静态有限元模型研究了历史地震,粘性松弛和构造载荷对汶川地震的影响。在该模型中,我们首先模拟了一个初始应力场约束的断层滑动速率由GPS和地质观测在该地区。然后,我们模拟地震断层软化。结果表明,构造载荷对龙门山断裂的影响最大,而下地壳和上地幔的粘性松弛作用最小。历史地震的影响是可变的,有的促进了地震潜力,有的延缓了地震潜力。
The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (M7.9) occurred on the Longmenshan Fault in Sichuan, China. Both the seismicity and slip rate of the fault are lower than those of other faults in the region. By incorporating large earthquakes in the region during the past 222 years into our investigation, the effects of historical earthquakes, viscous relaxation, and tectonic loading on the Wenchuan earthquake were studied, using a quasi‐static, finite element model. In this model, we first simulated an initial stress field constrained by fault slip rates obtained by GPS and geologic observations in the region. We then simulated earthquakes by fault softening. The results show that tectonic loading has the most significant effect on the Longmenshan Fault, whereas viscous relaxation of the lower crust and upper mantle has the least effect. The effects of the historical earthquakes are variable; some promote the earthquake potential and others retard the earthquake potential.
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