Opponent appetitive-aversive neural processes underlie predictive learning of pain relief
Opponent appetitive-aversive neural processes underlie predictive learning of pain relief
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DOI：
10.1038/nn1527
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Dolan, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seymour, B;O'Doherty, JP;Dolan, R
一个痛苦或不愉快事件的终止可能是有益的。然而，大脑是否以处理自然奖励的相似方式来处理缓解并不清楚，而且将其表征为一个激励目标的神经过程仍然知之甚少。我们利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究人类如何学会产生对疼痛缓解的预期。通过一个巴甫洛夫条件反射程序，我们表明经历长时间实验性诱导疼痛的受试者能够被条件化以预测疼痛缓解。这一过程与当代奖励学习理论（平均奖励/损失强化学习）相符，反映在杏仁核和中脑的神经活动上。此外，这些类似奖励的学习信号在外侧眶额皮质和前扣带皮质中有相反的类似厌恶的信号与之对应。这种双重编码与心理学中的“对抗过程”理论有相似之处，并促进了对疼痛期间预测和预期的一种正式解释。
Termination of a painful or unpleasant event can be rewarding. However, whether the brain treats relief in a similar way as it treats natural reward is unclear, and the neural processes that underlie its representation as a motivational goal remain poorly understood. We used fMRI ( functional magnetic resonance imaging) to investigate how humans learn to generate expectations of pain relief. Using a pavlovian conditioning procedure, we show that subjects experiencing prolonged experimentally induced pain can be conditioned to predict pain relief. This proceeds in a manner consistent with contemporary reward-learning theory ( average reward/loss reinforcement learning), reflected by neural activity in the amygdala and midbrain. Furthermore, these reward-like learning signals are mirrored by opposite aversion-like signals in lateral orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex. This dual coding has parallels to 'opponent process' theories in psychology and promotes a formal account of prediction and expectation during pain.