RESOURCE PARTITIONING OF SONAR FREQUENCY BANDS IN RHINOLOPHOID BATS
RESOURCE PARTITIONING OF SONAR FREQUENCY BANDS IN RHINOLOPHOID BATS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00380148
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
VONHELVERSEN, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HELLER, KG;VONHELVERSEN, O
在不同菊头蝠和犀牛属物种定向叫声的恒定频率部分中，对振幅最强的频率进行了比较研究。 (1) 在五个欧洲菊头蝠属物种中，叫声频率要么是物种特异性的（R. ferrumequinum、R. blasii 和 R. euryale），要么是重叠的（R. hipposideros 和 R. mehelyi）。呼叫频率分布大约为 5-9 kHz 宽，因此它们的范围分布小于 .+-。与平均值相差 5%（图 1）。在较小的地理区域内，频率分布要窄得多。 （2）与其他蝙蝠类群一样，犀嘴蝠总科的叫声频率与体型呈负相关（图3）。菊头蝠属和马蹄蝠属的回归线明显不同。 (3) 在菊头蝠属中，来自干燥气候的物种平均叫声频率高于来自热带雨林的物种。 (4) 克劳野生动物保护区 (Krau Game Reserve) 是马来西亚仍基本完好的雨林地区，栖息着至少 12 种同种菊头蝠 (Rhinolophus) 和河马 (Hipposideros) 物种。它们的呼叫频率介于 40 至 200 kHz 之间（图 2）。可用频率范围内的分布比仅凭偶然预期的分布要均匀得多。测试随机特征分布的两个不同的假设是从频率-大小关系以及从物种池中采样物种组合（蒙特卡罗方法）得出的；两者都被拒绝了。特别是，避免了靠近的呼叫频率（图4、5）。相反，尺寸比率的分布符合相应的原假设。这种均匀分布可能是根据猎物类型进行资源划分的结果。或者，这些呼叫作为社交信号的重要性（例如对同种人的识别）可能需要进行通信渠道划分。
In the Constant Frequency portions of the orientation calls of various Rhinolophus and Hipposideros species, the frequency with the strongest amplitude was studied comparatively. (1) In the five European species of the genus Rhinolophus call frequencies are either species-specific (R. ferrumequinum, R. blasii and R. euryale) or they overlap (R. hipposideros and R. mehelyi). The call frequency distributions are approximately 5-9 kHz wide, thus their ranges spread less than .+-. 5% from the mean (Fig. 1). Frequency distributions are considerably narrower within smaller geographic areas. (2) As in other bat groups, call frequencies of the Rhinolophoidea are negatively correlated with body size (Fig. 3). Regression lines for the genera Rhinolophus and Hipposideros are distinctly different. (3) Within the genus Rhinolophus, species from dryer climates have on the average higher call frequencies than species from tropical rain forests. (4) The Krau Game Reserve, a still largely intact rain forest area in Malaysia, harbours at least 12 syntopic Rhinolophus and Hipposideros species. Their call frequencies lie between 40 and 200 kHz (Fig. 2) Distribution over the available frequency range is significantly more even than could be expected from chance alone. Two different until hypotheses to test for random character distribution were derived from frequency-size-relations and by sampling species assemblages from a species pool (Monte Carlo method); both were rejected. In particular, call frequencies lying close together are avoided (Figs. 4, 5). Conversely, the distribution of size ratios complied with a corresponding null hypothesis. This even distribution may be a consequence of resource partitioning with respect to prey type. Alternatively, the importance of these calls as social signals (e.g. recognition of conspecifics) might have necessitated a communication channel partitioning.