High-frequency oscillations as indicators of neural control mechanisms in human respiration, mastication, and speech.
High-frequency oscillations as indicators of neural control mechanisms in human respiration, mastication, and speech.
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高频振荡作为人类呼吸、咀嚼和言语神经控制机制的指标。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.1990.63.4.745
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Denny,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith,A;Denny,M
1.从胸壁的右腹外侧表面和左腹外侧表面记录肌电图（EMG），以研究在三个任务期间横膈膜的活动：中度深呼吸、言语产生和类言语呼吸，其中受试者模仿他们的言语呼吸模式但不发声。在第二个实验方案中，右和左咬肌的活动记录在三种条件下：咀嚼，有节奏的紧握，和讲话。2.通过计算从每个任务的30次重复中的EMG的上升相选择的128-ms间隔的平均频谱，在频域中分析EMG。计算并检查双侧EMG对之间的相干函数，以确定20-230 Hz范围内的显着相干性。3.在深呼吸条件下，在20-60 Hz和60-110 Hz两个范围内存在显著的相干性。在60- 110-Hz范围内的振荡长期以来一直与主要呼吸模式发生器的操作相关，目前的结果复制了早期报告的相关振荡在这个范围内的双边记录的人的呼吸肌在自愿控制呼吸。4.在言语和类言语呼吸中，60- 110 Hz范围内的相关振荡显著减少。这一结果支持了这一假设，即在60- 110-Hz范围内的高频振荡（HFO），可能是一个中央模式发生器（CPG）的神经回路，是不是驱动呼吸运动神经元池在讲话的主要来源。5.在咀嚼过程中，观察到高度相关的振荡在右，左咬肌活动。显著的相干性发生在20-140 Hz范围内，在20- 60 Hz频带中具有非常大的峰值。这一结果是解释在光的研究引起的大脑皮层刺激的实验动物和下颌闭合肌肉的反射组织的下颌节律运动。在20- 60 Hz波段的高度相关振荡可能来自中央指令系统，如模式发生器，来自反射，或来自中央和反射输入的相互作用。6.在大多数受试者中，在紧咬和说话期间也观察到20- 60-Hz频带的非零相干性;然而，与咀嚼相比，在这些条件下20- 60-Hz频带的相干性水平显着降低。7.两者合计，目前的结果表明，在一致的频率范围内观察到的连贯的HFO在受试者是人类运动行为的特征，很可能涉及模式生成电路。
1. Electromyograms (EMGs) were recorded from the right and left ventrolateral surfaces of the chest wall to study the activity of the diaphragm during three tasks: moderately deep breathing, speech production, and speechlike breathing in which subjects mimicked their speech breathing pattern but did not vocalize. In a second experimental protocol, activity of right and left masseter muscles was recorded in three conditions: chewing, rhythmic clenching, and speech. 2. EMGs were analyzed in the frequency domain by computing the average spectrum of 128-ms intervals selected from the rising phase of the EMG in 30 repetitions of each task. Coherence functions between bilateral pairs of EMGs were computed and examined for significant coherence in the range of 20-230 Hz. 3. In the deep breathing condition, significant coherence was present in two ranges, 20-60 Hz and 60-110 Hz. Oscillations in the 60- to 110-Hz range have long been associated with the operation of the primary respiratory pattern generator, and the present results replicate earlier reports of correlated oscillations in this range in bilateral recordings of human respiratory muscles during voluntarily controlled breathing. 4. In speech and speechlike breathing, correlated oscillations in the 60- to 110-Hz range were significantly reduced. This result supports the hypothesis that the neural circuitry characterized by high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) in the 60- to 110-Hz range, possibly a central pattern generator (CPG), is not the primary source of drive to respiratory motoneuron pools in speech. 5. During chewing, highly correlated oscillations were observed in right and left masseter activity. Significant coherence occurred in the range of 20-140 Hz, with very large peaks in the 20- to 60-Hz band. This result is interpreted in light of studies of rhythmic jaw movements elicited by cortical stimulation in experimental animals and studies of the reflex organization of the jaw-closing muscles. It is possible that highly correlated oscillations in the 20- to 60-Hz band arise from a central command system, such as a pattern generator, from reflexes, or from an interaction of central and reflex inputs. 6. In most subjects, nonzero coherence in the 20- to 60-Hz band also was observed during clenching and speech; however, levels of coherence in the 20- to 60-Hz band were significantly reduced in these conditions compared with chewing. 7. Taken together, the present results suggest that coherent HFOs observed in consistent frequency ranges across subjects are characteristic of human motor behaviors that are likely to involve pattern generation circuitry.