Diversification and cumulative evolution in New Caledonian crow tool manufacture
Diversification and cumulative evolution in New Caledonian crow tool manufacture
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2002.2302
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发表时间：
2003-04-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Gray, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunt, GR;Gray, RD
许多动物使用工具，但只有人类通常被认为具有累积技术进化所需的认知复杂性。累积性技术进化的三个重要特征是：（一）工具设计的多样化;（二）累积性变化;（三）高保真的社会传播。我们提出的证据表明，乌鸦已经多样化，并累积改变了他们的露兜工具的设计。2000年，我们在新喀里多尼亚进行了一次深入调查，以确定这些工具制造的地理差异。我们记录了5550工具的形状，从21个网站在整个范围内的露兜工具制造。我们发现了三种不同的露兜工具设计：宽工具，窄工具和阶梯工具。这三种工具设计缺乏生态相关性，它们的地理分布不同，连续和重叠，使它们不太可能独立进化。每个设计的制造方法的相似性进一步表明，露兜工具已经从一个共同的历史起源经历了一个累积变化的过程。我们提出了一个合理的方案，这种基本的累积进化。
Many animals use tools but only humans are generally considered to have the cognitive sophistication required for cumulative technological evolution. Three important characteristics of cumulative technological evolution are: (i) the diversification of tool design; (ii) cumulative change; and (iii) high-fidelity social transmission. We present evidence that crows have diversified and cumulatively changed the design of their pandanus tools. In 2000 we carried out an intensive survey in New Caledonia to establish the geographical variation in the manufacture of these tools. We documented the shapes of 5550 tools from 21 sites throughout the range of pandanus tool manufacture. We found three distinct pandanus tool designs: wide tools, narrow tools and stepped tools. The lack of ecological correlates of the three tool designs and their different, continuous and overlapping geographical distributions make it unlikely that they evolved independently. The similarities in the manufacture method of each design further suggest that pandanus tools have gone through a process of cumulative change from a common historical origin. We propose a plausible scenario for this rudimentary cumulative evolution.