An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structures on the emergence of grid scale electricity storage
An international review of the implications of regulatory and electricity market structures on the emergence of grid scale electricity storage
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DOI：
10.1016/j.rser.2014.06.006
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发表时间：
2014-10
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
O. Anuta;P. Taylor;Darren Jones;Tony McEntee;N. Wade
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Anuta;P. Taylor;Darren Jones;Tony McEntee;N. Wade
储能系统（ESS）有潜力为电力系统的规划和运营实践做出重大贡献。虽然ESS可以为电力行业带来多种好处，但其广泛使用一直受到技术成本高、部署经验缺乏以及现有电力市场和针对传统电力系统设计的监管结构造成的障碍和不确定性的限制。本文回顾了具有高可再生能源目标以及当前或计划部署 ESS 的重要国家，以确定影响电网使用 ESS 的常见问题，并确定已对电力市场和监管框架进行或提议的变更。确定了三个主要问题：ESS 的资产类别未确定和非捆绑电力系统限制了利益相关者确定和实现多种 ESS 效益；电力市场流动性低且市场条件不断变化；缺乏评估、连接、操作和维护 ESS 的通用标准和程序。基于既定的障碍，讨论了更新或制定政策、监管和市场安排的建议，以提高电网级 ESS 的可行性和更广泛的使用。三项关键的监管和政策建议被确定为可再生能源政策与 ESS 政策的一致；为 ESS 创建单独的资产类别以及受监管和竞争性运营的相关规则；标准化 ESS 使用的评估框架、连接和操作程序。最后，三项主要电力市场建议包括更新规则以支持批发、辅助服务和容量市场同时运行 ESS；更新市场规则，以允许对灵活且高精度的响应需求和发电技术（例如 ESS）进行补偿；更新市场辅助服务能源需求。
Energy storage systems (ESS) have the potential to make a significant contribution to planning and operation practises in power systems. While ESS can be used to provide multiple benefits in the power sector, widespread use has been restricted by high technology costs, lack of deployment experience, and the barriers and uncertainties caused by the present electricity market and regulatory structures that were designed for conventional electricity systems. This paper reviews countries with high renewable targets and with significant current or planned ESS deployments to ascertain the common problems affecting the use of ESS on the grid, and to establish where changes have been made or proposed to the electricity market and regulatory frameworks. Three major problems were identified as the undetermined asset class for ESS and unbundled electricity system limiting stakeholders from determining and realising multiple ESS benefits; low electricity market liquidity and changing market conditions; and a lack of common standards and procedures for evaluating, connecting, operating and maintaining ESS. Based on the established barriers, recommendations to update or create policies, regulation and market arrangements to increase the viability and wider use of grid level ESS are discussed. The three key regulatory and policy recommendations were identified as an alignment of renewable policies to that of ESS; creating a separate asset class for ESS and associated rules for regulated and competitive operations; and standardising assessment frameworks, connection and operational procedures for the use of ESS. Finally, three main electricity market recommendations include updating rules to support simultaneous ESS operation across wholesale, ancillary services and capacity markets; updating market rules to allow compensation for flexible and highly accurate responsive demand and generation technologies, such as ESS; and updating market ancillary services energy requirements.