Differences in Humoral and Cellular Vaccine Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients.
Differences in Humoral and Cellular Vaccine Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.853682
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
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中科院分区：
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尚未正式比较肾和肝移植受者接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后的抗体和T细胞反应。通过多重检测，我们在52例接受mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的肾和肝移植受者的连续血液样本中测定了针对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白和核衣壳（NC）抗原、SARS-CoV-2变体和常见冠状病毒的4个表位的IgG水平。我们用FluoroSpot定量检测IFN-γ/IL-2 T细胞对SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白的反应。我们使用多变量广义线性模型来调整各组之间免疫抑制的差异。在肝移植受者中，针对每个SARS-CoV-2刺突表位的IgG水平明显高于肾移植受者（MFI: 19,617 vs 6,056； P<0.001），调整后差异仍然显著。疫苗不影响抗NC和普通冠状病毒的IgG水平。诱导抗体识别所有测试的变体，但强度明显低于原武汉毒株。抗刺突IFN-γ产生T细胞在肝脏中的增加明显高于肾移植受体（IFN-γ产生T细胞28比11点/5 × 105细胞），但调整后这一差异无统计学意义。SARS-CoV-2疫苗在肝脏中引起的抗体反应比肾移植受体更强，这一现象并不能完全用不同的免疫抑制来解释。
The antibody and T cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have not been formally compared between kidney and liver transplant recipients. Using a multiplex assay, we measured IgG levels against 4 epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleocapsid (NC) antigen, SARS-CoV-2 variants, and common coronaviruses in serial blood samples from 52 kidney and 50 liver transplant recipients undergoing mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. We quantified IFN-γ/IL-2 T cells reactive against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by FluoroSpot. We used multivariable generalized linear models to adjust for the differences in immunosuppression between groups. In liver transplant recipients, IgG levels against every SARS-CoV-2 spike epitope increased significantly more than in kidney transplant recipients (MFI: 19,617 vs 6,056; P<0.001), a difference that remained significant after adjustments. Vaccine did not affect IgG levels against NC nor common coronaviruses. Elicited antibodies recognized all variants tested but at significantly lower strength than the original Wuhan strain. Anti-spike IFN-γ-producing T cells increased significantly more in liver than in kidney transplant recipients (IFN-γ-producing T cells 28 vs 11 spots/5x105 cells), but this difference lost statistical significance after adjustments. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits a stronger antibody response in liver than in kidney transplant recipients, a phenomenon that is not entirely explained by the different immunosuppression.