Keeping Doors Open: The Effect of Unavailability on Incentives to Keep Options Viable
Keeping Doors Open: The Effect of Unavailability on Incentives to Keep Options Viable
复制标题
保持大门敞开：无法获得对保持选项可行的激励的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Ariely
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiwoong Shin;D. Ariely
决策者可以选择的许多选择，如大学专业和浪漫伴侣，如果没有足够的努力（上课，送花），可能会变得不可用。这项工作提出的问题是，消失的威胁是否会改变人们对这些选择的价值。在四个使用“门游戏”的实验中，我们证明了那些有可能消失的选项会导致决策者投入更多的精力和金钱来保持这些选项的开放，即使这些选项本身似乎没有什么兴趣。这种普遍趋势被证明是弹性的结果，增加经验的信息，并显着的成本。最后一个实验提供了初步的证据，表明保持大门敞开的倾向背后的机制是一种对损失的厌恶，而不是对灵活性的渴望。
Many of the options available to decision makers, such as college majors and romantic partners, can become unavailable if sufficient effort is not invested in them (taking classes, sending flowers). The question asked in this work is whether a threat of disappearance changes the way people value such options. In four experiments using "door games," we demonstrate that options that threaten to disappear cause decision makers to invest more effort and money in keeping these options open, even when the options themselves seem to be of little interest. This general tendency is shown to be resilient to information about the outcomes, to increased experience, and to the saliency of the cost. The last experiment provides initial evidence that the mechanism underlying the tendency to keep doors open is a type of aversion to loss rather than a desire for flexibility.