EVOLUTION OF SPATIAL COGNITION - SEX-SPECIFIC PATTERNS OF SPATIAL-BEHAVIOR PREDICT HIPPOCAMPAL SIZE
EVOLUTION OF SPATIAL COGNITION - SEX-SPECIFIC PATTERNS OF SPATIAL-BEHAVIOR PREDICT HIPPOCAMPAL SIZE
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.87.16.6349
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发表时间：
1990-08-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
HOFFMAN, GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JACOBS, LF;GAULIN, SJC;HOFFMAN, GE
在两个同类啮齿动物物种的研究中，海马大小的性别差异预测的空间认知的性别特异性模式。已知海马的大小与实验室小鼠品系的迷宫性能和雀形目鸟类空间记忆的选择压力呈正相关。在一夫多妻制的田鼠物种（啮齿目：田鼠），男性的范围更广泛，比女性在外地和执行更好的实验室措施的空间能力;这两个差异是不存在的一夫一妻制的田鼠物种。从两种田鼠的自然种群中采集10只雌性和雄性，一夫多妻草地田鼠M。pennaculicus和一夫一妻制松田鼠M.松树。只有在一夫多妻制的物种中，雄性的大脑皮层相对于整个大脑的比例才比雌性大。双向方差分析表明，海马体积与脑体积的比值在这两个物种的不同性别相关。据我们所知，没有以前的海马大小的研究都与海马尺寸的进化和心理数据。我们的对照比较表明，进化可以在行为及其神经基础上产生适应性的性别差异。
In a study of two congeneric rodent species, sex differences in hippocampal size were predicted by sex-specific patterns of spatial cognition. Hippocampal size is known to correlate positively with maze performance in laboratory mouse strains and with selective pressure for spatial memory among passerine bird species. In polygamous vole species (Rodentia: Microtus), males range more widely than females in the field and perform better on laboratory measures of spatial ability; both of these differences are absent in monogamous vole species. Ten females and males were taken from natural populations of two vole species, the polygamous meadow vole, M. pennsylvanicus, and the monogamous pine vole, M. pinetorum. Only in the polygamous species do males have larger hippocampi relative to the entire brain than do females. Two-way analysis of variance shows that the ratio of hippocampal volume to brain volume is differently related to sex in these two species. To our knowledge, no previous studies of hippocampal size have linked both evolutionary and psychometric data to hippocampal dimensions. Our controlled comparison suggests that evolution can produce adaptive sex differences in behavior and its neural substrate.