The functional significance of synaptotagmin diversity in neuroendocrine secretion.
The functional significance of synaptotagmin diversity in neuroendocrine secretion.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2013.00124
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发表时间：
2013-09-18
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jackson MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moghadam PK;Jackson MB
突触结合蛋白（Synaptotagmins，syts）是一种丰富的、进化上保守的膜整合蛋白，在神经和内分泌系统的胞吐调节中发挥重要作用。在哺乳动物中至少有17种syt亚型，它们都具有串联的C-末端C2结构域，具有高度可变的Ca 2+结合能力。许多syts在神经递质释放或激素分泌或两者中发挥作用，越来越多的工作支持一些syts作为胞吐作用的Ca 2+传感器的作用。在许多类型的内分泌细胞中的工作已经证明了在含有各种激素的致密核心囊泡上存在许多syt亚型。Syts可以影响胞吐融合孔的动力学以及释放模式在kiss-and-run和full-fusion之间的选择。含有不同syt亚型的囊泡在不同形式的刺激下可以优先经历不同的胞吐模式。syt异构体的不同特性使这些蛋白质能够在内分泌细胞中形成Ca 2+感应，从而有助于调节激素释放和组织复杂的内分泌功能。
Synaptotagmins (syts) are abundant, evolutionarily conserved integral membrane proteins that play essential roles in regulated exocytosis in nervous and endocrine systems. There are at least 17 syt isoforms in mammals, all with tandem C-terminal C2 domains with highly variable capacities for Ca2+ binding. Many syts play roles in neurotransmitter release or hormone secretion or both, and a growing body of work supports a role for some syts as Ca2+ sensors of exocytosis. Work in many types of endocrine cells has documented the presence of a number of syt isoforms on dense-core vesicles containing various hormones. Syts can influence the kinetics of exocytotic fusion pores and the choice of release mode between kiss-and-run and full-fusion. Vesicles harboring different syt isoforms can preferentially undergo distinct modes of exocytosis with different forms of stimulation. The diverse properties of syt isoforms enable these proteins to shape Ca2+ sensing in endocrine cells, thus contributing to the regulation of hormone release and the organization of complex endocrine functions.