A lifetime of neurogenesis in the olfactory system.
A lifetime of neurogenesis in the olfactory system.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2014.00182
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Firestein SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brann JH;Firestein SJ
在神经系统的三个区域中，神经发生在胚胎和出生后早期继续。颗粒下区为海马齿状回提供新的神经元。室管膜下区为嗅球提供新的中间神经元，嗅神经上皮细胞产生新的兴奋性感觉神经元，将其轴突发送到嗅球。后两个区域特别令人感兴趣，因为它们为控制嗅觉感知的第一级回路的两端贡献了新的神经元。犁鼻器和主嗅上皮构成初级外周嗅上皮。这些解剖学上不同的区域具有共同的特征，因为每个区域都表现出广泛的神经发生，远远超出了发育的少年阶段。在这里，我们将讨论年龄对犁鼻和嗅上皮神经发生的结构和功能意义的影响，从少年到先进的成年人的年龄，在几个常见的模型系统。接下来我们将讨论年龄如何影响这些神经干细胞对损伤的再生能力。最后，我们将考虑新生神经元整合到现有的电路，因为它是由动物的年龄修改。
Neurogenesis continues well beyond embryonic and early postnatal ages in three areas of the nervous system. The subgranular zone supplies new neurons to the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The subventricular zone supplies new interneurons to the olfactory bulb, and the olfactory neuroepithelia generate new excitatory sensory neurons that send their axons to the olfactory bulb. The latter two areas are of particular interest as they contribute new neurons to both ends of a first-level circuit governing olfactory perception. The vomeronasal organ and the main olfactory epithelium comprise the primary peripheral olfactory epithelia. These anatomically distinct areas share common features, as each exhibits extensive neurogenesis well beyond the juvenile phase of development. Here we will discuss the effect of age on the structural and functional significance of neurogenesis in the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia, from juvenile to advanced adult ages, in several common model systems. We will next discuss how age affects the regenerative capacity of these neural stem cells in response to injury. Finally, we will consider the integration of newborn neurons into an existing circuit as it is modified by the age of the animal.