Acoustic Markers of Prominence Influence Infants' and Adults' Segmentation of Speech Sequences
Acoustic Markers of Prominence Influence Infants' and Adults' Segmentation of Speech Sequences
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DOI：
10.1177/0023830910388018
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Nespor, Marina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bion, Ricardo A. H.;Benavides-Varela, Silvia;Nespor, Marina
两个实验调查的方式声学标记的突出影响分组的语音序列的成人和7个月大的婴儿。在第一个实验中，成年人熟悉并被要求记住相邻音节的序列，这些音节在音高或持续时间上交替变化。在测试阶段，参与者听到了一对音节与恒定的音高和持续时间，并询问音节是否出现在熟悉过程中相邻。在熟悉过程中，短音节先于长音节，或高音音节先于低音音节的音节对，成年人更容易记住。在第二个实验中，婴儿熟悉并测试了与第一个实验类似的刺激，并使用转头偏好范式评估了他们对音节对的偏好。当熟悉音调交替的音节时，婴儿表现出对第一个音节音调高的成对音节的偏好。然而，当熟悉流在持续时间上交替时，没有发现偏好。这些感知偏差有助于婴儿和成人在连续语音流中找到语言单位。虽然基于音高的分组偏好出现在发展的早期，但持续时间分组的偏好可能依赖于更广泛的语言经验。
Two experiments investigated the way acoustic markers of prominence influence the grouping of speech sequences by adults and 7-month-old infants. In the first experiment, adults were familiarized with and asked to memorize sequences of adjacent syllables that alternated in either pitch or duration. During the test phase, participants heard pairs of syllables with constant pitch and duration and were asked whether the syllables had appeared adjacently during familiarization. Adults were better at remembering pairs of syllables that during familiarization had short syllables preceding long syllables, or high-pitched syllables preceding low-pitched syllables. In the second experiment, infants were familiarized and tested with similar stimuli as in the first experiment, and their preference for pairs of syllables was accessed using the head-turn preference paradigm. When familiarized with syllables alternating in pitch, infants showed a preference to listen to pairs of syllables that had high pitch in the first syllable. However, no preference was found when the familiarization stream alternated in duration. It is proposed that these perceptual biases help infants and adults find linguistic units in the continuous speech stream. While the bias for grouping based on pitch appears early in development, biases for durational grouping might rely on more extensive linguistic experience.