Regulatory Policy and Markets for Energy Storage in North America
Regulatory Policy and Markets for Energy Storage in North America
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DOI：
10.1109/jproc.2014.2319243
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
M. Kintner-Meyer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kintner-Meyer
过去五年是储能行业最激动人心的时期之一。我们已经看到在监管过程中取得了重大进展，为评估和货币化储能为电网提供的服务做出了调整。对储能行业最具影响力的监管决定来自加利福尼亚州，加州公用事业委员会发布了一项决定，要求在2014年、2016年、2018年和2020年的四个阶段向三家投资者拥有的公用事业公司采购1325吉瓦的储能需求。此外，在联邦层面，美国联邦能源管理委员会（FERC）的第755号命令要求输电运营商为辅助服务制定按绩效付费的收费标准。这对美国竞争性批发市场的市场设计和快速响应电网资产的货币化产生了直接影响。虽然这一命令是技术中立的，但它显然对储能技术的快速响应能力起作用。今天，PJM、CAISO、MISO、NYISO和NE-ISO已经实施了第755号命令，并根据绩效付费原则提供新的监管收费服务。此外，2013年7月发布的FERC命令784要求传输提供商在确定辅助服务要求时考虑速度和准确性。2013年11月，FERC发布了第972号命令，修订了小型发电机互联协议，将储能作为一种电源。这一命令使储能系统与现有发电机并驾齐驱。本文将讨论在FERC监管下的美国所有独立服务运营商（不包括ERCOT）中，FERC绩效薪酬监管令的实施情况。还将讨论市场影响和对NERC监管绩效指标的总体影响。本文最后讨论了加利福尼亚州、纽约州和加拿大安大略省的采购授权和辅助服务的机会。这对美国竞争性批发市场的市场设计产生了直接影响，它可能会呈现给储能行业。
The last five years have been one of the most exciting times for the energy storage industry. We have seen significant advancements in the regulatory process to make accommodations for valuing and monetizing energy storage for what it provides to the grid. The most impactful regulatory decision for the energy storage industry has come from California, where the California Public Utilities Commission issued a decision that mandates procurement requirements of 1.325 GW for energy storage to three investor-owned utilities in four stages in 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. Furthermore, at the federal level, the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's (FERC's) Order 755 requires transmission operators to develop pay-for-performance tariffs for ancillary services. This has had a direct impact on the market design of U.S. competitive wholesale markets and the monetization of fast-responding grid assets. While this order is technology neutral, it clearly plays into the fast-responding capability of energy storage technologies. Today, PJM, CAISO, MISO, NYISO, and NE-ISO have implemented Order 755 and offer new tariff-for-regulation services based on pay-for-performance principles. Furthermore, FERC Order 784, which was issued in July 2013, requires transmission providers to consider speed and accuracy in determining the requirements for ancillary services. In November 2013, FERC issued Order 972, which revises the small generator interconnection agreement that declares energy storage as a power source. This order puts energy storage on par with existing generators. This paper will discuss the implementation of FERC's pay-for-performance regulation order at all independent service operators (ISOs) in the United States under FERC regulatory authority (this excludes ERCOT). Also discussed will be the market impacts and overall impacts on the NERC regulation performance indexes. The paper ends with a discussion on the California, New York, and Ontario, Canada, procurement mandates and the opportunity tancillary services. This has had a direct impact on the market design of U.S. competitive wholesale marketshat it may present to the energy storage industry.