Plasticity of predation behaviour as a putative driving force for parasite life-cycle dynamics:: the case of urban foxes and Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm
Plasticity of predation behaviour as a putative driving force for parasite life-cycle dynamics:: the case of urban foxes and Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2007.01257.x
复制
发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Deplazes, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hegglin, D.;Bontadina, F.;Deplazes, P.
1.寄生虫的传播通常依赖于中间宿主物种被终宿主捕食。我们推测这种类型的寄生虫的种群动态将受到最终宿主捕食行为的可塑性的影响。人畜共患绦虫Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart传播给狐狸（狐狸L.）通过捕食受感染的啮齿动物E.多房红狐向中心观察到的苏黎世（瑞士）是中间宿主的相对丰度不同的城市化栖息地。水鼠，Arvicola terrestris scherman L.，这是主要的中间宿主，是不太丰富的城市相比，城市周边地区，由于既减少了合适的栖息地和数量较低的栖息地内。胃内容物分析表明，城市地区的狐狸消耗更多的人为食物，但捕食啮齿动物的频率较低，这些啮齿动物属于对E。多房性感染4.我们的结论是，最终主机的功能反应，在供应的中间主机和替代食物来源的变化，可以显着影响的传播动态的异种寄生虫，如这种人畜共患绦虫。
1. Parasite transmission frequently depends on an intermediate host species being subject to predation by a definitive host. We hypothesized that the population dynamics of this type of parasite would be affected by plasticity of the predation behaviour of the final host.2. The zoonotic tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart is transmitted to foxes (Vulpes vulpes L.) by predation on infected rodents. One possible mechanism underlying the significant decrease in the prevalence of E. multilocularis in red foxes observed towards the centre of Zurich (Switzerland) is that the relative abundance of intermediate hosts varies between different urbanized habitats.3. The water vole, Arvicola terrestris scherman L., which is the major intermediate host, was less abundant in urban compared with peri-urban areas, due to both a reduced availability of suitable habitats and lower numbers within those habitats. Stomach content analyses indicated that foxes in urban areas consumed more anthropogenic food but preyed less frequently on rodents - and those rodents taken belonged to species less susceptible to E. multilocularis infection.4. We conclude that the functional response of final hosts to changes in supply of intermediate hosts and alternative food sources can significantly affect the transmission dynamic of dixenous parasites, such as this zoonotic tapeworm.