Colour of the past in South Caucasus: The first archaeometric investigation on rock art and pigment residues from Georgia
Colour of the past in South Caucasus: The first archaeometric investigation on rock art and pigment residues from Georgia
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南高加索过去的色彩：对格鲁吉亚岩石艺术和颜料残留物的首次考古调查
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2023.03.019
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Batiashvili M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Batiashvili M
这项研究是对来自格鲁吉亚南高加索Khramis Didi戈拉新石器时代定居点的Damirgaya和Trialeti彩绘岩石艺术和研磨工具颜料的首次考古调查。这项研究的目的是鉴定岩石和颜料，包括有机粘合剂的鉴定，以及调查无机颜料与当地可用的供应和生产方法的兼容性。风格相似性和影响与邻近的亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆考古遗址进行比较，在那里，在定居点发现了单色红色颜料的痕迹，使用松散样品和薄切片上的光学显微镜（OM）、X射线粉末衍射（XRPD）和具有能量色散光谱的扫描电子显微镜（SEM-EDS）来确定样品的矿物学和化学组成。利用显微傅里叶变换红外光谱（μ-FTIR）和拉曼光谱，进一步表征了岩画和研磨工具中的化合物。由于粘合剂的浓度低或分子完全分解变质，无法识别或确定其存在。从岩画和研磨工具上的颜料残留物来看，赤铁矿是主要的着色剂，并有不同的伴生矿物。对于岩石样本，发现Trialeti的岩石艺术是在英安岩上，而Damirgaya的岩石艺术是在石英组成的岩石上，含有氧化铁和层状硅酸盐的痕迹，表明岩石起源于热液活动。这里介绍的研究是南高加索史前时期颜料残留物和岩石艺术的第一个化学和矿物学特征。
This research is the first archaeometric investigation of Damirgaya and Trialeti painted rock art and pigments from grinding tools from the Neolithic settlement of Khramis Didi Gora, in South Caucasus, Georgia. The aims of this research are to characterise the rocks and pigments including identification of organic binder, as well as investigate the compatibility of inorganic pigments with locally available supplies and methods of production.Stylistic similarities and influences are compared with adjacent archaeological sites from Armenia and Azerbaijan, where traces of monochromatic red pigment were recovered in settlements, barrows and artefacts.Optical microscopy (OM) on loose samples and thin sections, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to determine the mineralogical and chemical composition of the samples. Employing micro-Fourier-transform infrared (μ-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, compounds were further characterized in both rock paintings and grinding tools.It was not possible to identify or ascertain the presence of binders, either because of their low concentration or complete molecular breakdown deterioration. From the pigment residues on both the rock art and grinding tools, hematite was the main colouring agent, with different associated minerals. For the rock samples, it was found that the rock art at Trialeti is on a dacite, whereas the one from Damirgaya is on a rock composed of quartz, with traces of iron oxides and phyllosilicates, suggesting that the rock originated from hydrothermal activity. The research presented here is the first chemical and mineralogical characterization of pigment residues and rock art from South Caucasian prehistory.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1572-4352(05)01042-1
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
--
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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