Executive cognitive functioning in alcohol use disorders
Executive cognitive functioning in alcohol use disorders
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DOI：
10.1007/0-306-47148-5_10
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moss, HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giancola, PR;Moss, HB
执行认知功能（ECF）已被确定为酒精中毒病因学的一个重要决定因素。ECF代表了一种涉及目标导向行为自我调节的“高阶”认知结构。前额叶皮质及其皮质下连接代表了维持ECF的主要神经基质。酗酒者和酗酒高危人群的ECF都表现出轻度功能障碍。然而，这种缺陷似乎是显着更强的酗酒者与共病诊断的反社会人格障碍。与酒精中毒高度共病的其他疾病的个体，如注意缺陷多动障碍和行为障碍，也表现出ECF的缺陷。因此，受损的ECF可能不是特定的酗酒，而是，可能是一个潜在的潜在病因基板的行为过度disinhibitation.After审查文献牵连ECF赤字酗酒和共病disorders的障碍，作者提出了一个启发式的认知，neurological酒精中毒模型牵连的额纹状体系统。最后，建议酒精中毒的预防和治疗，基于这个模型，进行了讨论。
Executive cognitive functioning (ECF) has been identified as an important determinant in the etiology of alcoholism. ECF represents a “higher-order” cognitive construct involved in the self-regulation of goal-directed behavior. The prefrontal cortex and its subcortical connections represent the primary neurological substrate that subserves ECF. Both alcoholics and individuals at high risk for alcoholism exhibit a mild dysfunction in ECF. However, this deficit appears to be significantly stronger in alcoholics with a comorbid diagnosis of an antisocial personality disorder. Individuals with other disorders that are also highly comorbid with alcoholism, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder, also demonstrate deficits in ECF. As such, compromised ECF may not be specific to alcoholism, but instead, might be a potential underlying etiologic substrate for a number of disorders of behavioral excess-disinhibition.Subsequent to reviewing the literature implicating ECF deficits in alcoholism and comorbid disorders, the authors present a heuristic cognitive-neurobehaivoral model of alcoholism implicating the frontostriatal system. Finally, recommendations for the prevention and treatment of alcoholism, based on this model, are discussed.