How Much GPS Data Do We Need
How Much GPS Data Do We Need
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trc.2015.02.011
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Patire;Matthew A. Wright;Boris Prodhomme;A. Bayen
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文献类型：
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作者：
A. Patire;Matthew A. Wright;Boris Prodhomme;A. Bayen
随着通信技术、GPS和移动的互联网的快速发展，越来越多的实时位置信息被私人公司收集，并可用于零售。这些数据为运输机构提供了改善运营的潜在机会，但也带来了独特的挑战。本文探讨了需要多少GPS数据来为能够提供准确的速度（从而行程时间）信息的交通信息系统提供动力的问题。提出了一种混合数据框架，以使用来自移动的源的实时、基于GPS的点速度数据来增加先前对现有固定传感器的投资。此外，一个菜单的数据sources.The结果在这篇文章中提出的性能权衡的系统分析是从私营部门代表加州交通部和加州大学伯克利分校执行的流探测数据的第一次采购产生的。将第三方数据与环路检测器数据相结合，并在驾驶员可变性的范围内估计行程时间。这一成就是重复了多个星期和多个拥挤的高速公路sites.我们的研究结果表明，基于GPS的探测数据的渗透率现在适合于旅行时间估计选定的走廊。数据融合使得有效利用来自多个来源或提供者的数据成为可能;当来自多个来源的数据被融合时，可以获得上级结果。在已经装备有环路检测器的高速公路上，通过融合相对少量的探测器数据而不是通过使环路检测器的数量加倍可以实现更好的行程时间性能。最后，需要多少全球定位系统数据的答案必须解决采样率和渗透率方面的数据质量问题。
With the rapid growth of communications technologies, GPS, and the mobile internet, an increasing amount of real-time location information is collected by private companies and could be marketed for retail. This body of data offers transportation agencies potential opportunities to improve operations, but it also presents unique challenges. This article investigates the question of how much GPS data is needed to power a traffic information system capable of providing accurate speed (and thus travel time) information. A hybrid data framework is proposed to use real-time, GPS-based, point-speed data from mobile sources to augment previous investments in existing fixed sensors. In addition, a systematic analysis of the performance trade-offs among a menu of data sources is described.The results presented in this article were generated from the first procurement of streaming probe data from the private sector conducted on behalf of the California Department of Transportation and executed by UC Berkeley. Third-party data were incorporated with loop detector data and travel times were estimated within the bounds of driver variability. This achievement was repeated over multiple weeks and multiple congested freeway sites.Our findings indicate that penetration rates for GPS-based probe data are now suitable for travel time estimation on selected corridors. Data fusion makes possible the effective use of data from multiple sources or providers; when data from multiple sources are fused, superior results are obtained. On a freeway that is already instrumented with loop detectors, better travel time performance may be achieved by fusing a relatively small amount of probe data than by doubling the number of loop detectors. Finally, the answer to how much GPS data is needed must address issues of data quality in terms of sample rate and penetration rate.