Restraint use in motor vehicle crash fatalities in children 0 year to 9 years old
Restraint use in motor vehicle crash fatalities in children 0 year to 9 years old
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DOI：
10.1097/ta.0000000000000673
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Mannix, Rebekah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Lois K.;Farrell, Caitlin A.;Mannix, Rebekah
背景：尽管儿童乘客安全立法和设备有所改进，机动车辆碰撞事故 (MVC) 仍然是 10 岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。本研究的目的是描述与 0 岁至 9 岁儿童致命性 MVC 中使用约束装置相关的因素。 方法：使用美国国家公路运输安全管理局维护的死亡分析报告系统来获取 2001 年至 2010 年 0 岁至 9 岁儿童 MVC 死亡数据。主要结果是约束的使用。使用 chi(2) 统计数据分析人口统计信息（年龄、性别和种族）和碰撞特征，包括车辆类型（轿车、货车、卡车、运动型多用途车）和座椅位置，以评估使用任何约束装置与不使用约束装置导致的 MVC 死亡事故的这些因素。 结果：2001 年至 2010 年，0 岁至 9 岁儿童中有 7,625 名 MVC 死亡。在这些死亡事故中， 4,041 人 (53%) 使用过任何约束措施。前座乘客占死亡人数的 20.9%（7,625 人中的 1,595 人）。 0 岁至 3 岁儿童使用约束装置的比例高于 4 岁至 9 岁儿童 (p < 0.001)。与黑人儿童相比，白人儿童更多地使用约束装置（p < 0.001）。与运动型多用途车/卡车相比，乘坐轿车/货车的儿童以及与前排座椅相比，坐在车辆后座的儿童使用约束装置的可能性明显更高 (p < 0.001)。结论：总体而言，在 MVC 死亡的 0 岁至 9 岁儿童中，只有一半在车内佩戴任何儿童约束装置，其中 20% 坐在前座。必须继续努力执行立法并教育公众有关儿童乘客安全的最佳实践，以改善约束装置的正确使用并减少儿童 MVC 死亡人数。版权所有 (C) 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 保留所有权利。
BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in child passenger safety legislation and equipment, motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) continue to be the leading cause of death in children younger than 10 years. The objective of this study was to describe factors associated with restraint use in fatal MVC in children 0 year to 9 years old.METHODS: The Fatality Analysis Reporting System, maintained by the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, was used to obtain data on MVC fatalities from 2001 to 2010 in children 0 year to 9 years old. The main outcome was restraint use. Demographic information (age, sex, and race) and crash characteristics including vehicle type (sedan, van, truck, sports utility vehicle) and seat position in the vehicle were analyzed with the chi(2) statistic to evaluate these factors for any restraint use compared with no restraint use in MVC fatalities.RESULTS: There were 7,625 MVC fatalities in children 0 year to 9 years old from 2001 to 2010.Among these fatalities, 4,041 (53%) had any restraint use. Front seat passengers accounted for 20.9% (1,595 of 7,625) of the fatalities. Children 0 year to 3 years old had a higher proportion of restraint use than children 4 years to 9 years old (p < 0.001). White children compared with black children had higher use of restraints (p < 0.001). Children riding in sedans/vans compared with sport utility vehicles/trucks and those riding in the rear seats of the vehicle compared with those in front seats were significantly more likely to use restraints (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Overall, only half of children 0 year to 9 years old who died in an MVC were wearing any child restraint in the vehicle, and 20% were sitting in the front seat. Continued efforts must be made to enforce legislation and educate the public about best practices regarding child passenger safety to improve proper restraint use and to decrease MVC fatalities in children. Copyright (C) 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.