Water balance model (WBM) v.1.0.0: a scalable gridded global hydrologic model with water-tracking functionality
Water balance model (WBM) v.1.0.0: a scalable gridded global hydrologic model with water-tracking functionality
复制标题
DOI：
10.5194/gmd-15-7287-2022
复制
发表时间：
2022-10-04
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Lammers, Richard B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grogan, Danielle S.;Zuidema, Shan;Lammers, Richard B.
本文描述了新汉普郡大学水平衡模型(WBM)，这是一个基于过程的网格全球水文模型，模拟了全球水循环的陆地表面成分，并包括用于农业和家庭部门的水提取。WBM于1989年首次发布；在这里，我们描述第一个完全开源的WBM版本(v.1.0.0)。前面对WBM方法的描述为这里详细介绍的最新模型版本奠定了基础。我们对模拟全球河流流量和灌溉用水的模型功能、实用性和评估进行了概述。这一新版本增加了一套新颖的水源跟踪模块，可以分析供水的流动路径历史。WBM v.1.0.0的一个关键特性是能够为模型中的每个股票或流量确定源的分区。有三种不同类别的跟踪：(1)水对陆地水文循环表面的主要输入(液体降水、积雪融化、冰川融化和不可持续的地下水)；(2)已提取供人类使用并返回陆地水文系统的水；(3)来自用户定义的空间土地单位的径流。这种组件跟踪提供了更完全透明的模型，因为用户可以识别生成模拟行为的底层机制。我们发现，即使在默认参数设置的情况下，WBM v.1.0.0也能很好地模拟全球河流流量和灌溉水量，并且首次能够通过使用新的跟踪函数来显示模拟是如何得出这些通量的。
This paper describes the University of New Hampshire Water Balance Model, WBM, a process-based gridded global hydrologic model that simulates the land surface components of the global water cycle and includes water extraction for use in agriculture and domestic sectors. The WBM was first published in 1989; here, we describe the first fully open-source WBM version (v.1.0.0). Earlier descriptions of WBM methods provide the foundation for the most recent model version that is detailed here. We present an overview of the model functionality, utility, and evaluation of simulated global river discharge and irrigation water use. This new version adds a novel suite of water source tracking modules that enable the analysis of flow-path histories on water supply. A key feature of WBM v.1.0.0 is the ability to identify the partitioning of sources for each stock or flux within the model. Three different categories of tracking are available: (1) primary inputs of water to the surface of the terrestrial hydrologic cycle (liquid precipitation, snowmelt, glacier melt, and unsustainable groundwater); (2) water that has been extracted for human use and returned to the terrestrial hydrologic system; and (3) runoff originating from user-defined spatial land units. Such component tracking provides a more fully transparent model in that users can identify the underlying mechanisms generating the simulated behavior. We find that WBM v.1.0.0 simulates global river discharge and irrigation water withdrawals well, even with default parameter settings, and for the first time, we are able to show how the simulation arrives at these fluxes by using the novel tracking functions.