A Theory of City Biogeography and the Origin of Urban Species
A Theory of City Biogeography and the Origin of Urban Species
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fcosc.2022.761449
复制
发表时间：
2022-03-11
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunn, Robert R.;Burger, Joseph Robert;Cibrian-Jaramillo, Angelica
人类在基础设施、城市规划和其他方面所做的许多选择都会产生影响，这些影响将持续数千年。这在现代城市中很容易看到，当代的街道沿着数千年前规划的街道网格延伸，甚至古代的高架桥仍然在发挥作用。然而，进化生物学家很少明确考虑与我们今天所做决策相关的生命的未来。在此，我们着眼于谱系和物种的起源，思考城市中物种的进化未来。我们通过调整岛屿生物地理学理论中的进化预测，使其与作为“岛屿”的城市的独特特征相符。具体而言，城市特有的物种往往与城市中的灰色栖息地相关。这些栖息地往往以人体、宠物身体和储存的食物为主导。在这类物种中最有可能出现新的谱系起源，尽管大多数关于城市进化的研究都集中在绿色栖息地。最后，我们考虑了一系列远期的情景及其对谱系和物种起源的影响。
Many of the choices humans make with regard to infrastructure, urban planning and other phenomena have impacts that will last thousands of years. This can readily be seen in modern cities in which contemporary streets run along street grids that were laid out thousands of years prior or even in which ancient viaducts still play a role. However, rarely do evolutionary biologists explicitly consider the future of life likely to be associated with the decisions we are making today. Here, we consider the evolutionary future of species in cities with a focus on the origin of lineages and species. We do so by adjusting evolutionary predictions from the theory of island biogeography so as to correspond to the unique features of cities as islands. Specifically, the species endemic to cities tend to be associated with the gray habitats in cities. Those habitats tend to be dominated by human bodies, pet bodies and stored food. It is among such species where the origin of new lineages is most likely, although most research on evolution in cities has focused on green habitats. We conclude by considering a range of scenarios for the far future and their implications for the origin of lineages and species.