Building an active citizenry: the role of neighborhood problems, readiness, and capacity for change
Building an active citizenry: the role of neighborhood problems, readiness, and capacity for change
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DOI：
10.1007/s10464-007-9097-0
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Van Egeren, Laurie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster-Fishman, Pennie G.;Cantillon, Daniel;Van Egeren, Laurie A.
社区建设举措努力让居民成为变革过程的驱动者，让他们参与包括集体行动在内的一系列活动。然而，最近对其中许多举措的评估表明，提高此类努力所需的居民参与水平具有挑战性。本研究考察了与居民是否以及参与个人行动和集体行动努力相关的邻里条件。对 7 个陷入困境的社区的 460 名居民进行的随机数字拨号电话调查表明，虽然人口变量相对不重要，但居民对社区准备情况（即对未来的希望和集体效能）和变革能力（即社会关系和社区领导力）的看法以及社区问题的程度与居民是否以及参与个人和集体行动的程度密切相关。此外，这些邻里条件的不同要素或多或少重要取决于居民参与的类型和水平。例如，虽然对邻里问题的看法是个人是否参与其中的最强预测因素，但邻里领导力的感知强度是个人活动水平的最强预测因素。讨论了这些发现对从业者和科学家的影响。
Community-building initiatives strive to involve residents as the drivers of the change process, involving them in an array of activities including collective action efforts. Recent evaluations of many of these initiatives, however, suggest that developing the levels of resident involvement needed in such efforts is challenging. This study examines the neighborhood conditions that are related to whether and how much residents become involved in individual activism and collective action efforts. A random-digit-dial phone survey of 460 residents in 7 distressed neighborhoods suggested that while demographic variables were relatively unimportant, resident perceptions of neighborhood readiness (i.e., hope for the future and collective efficacy) and capacity for change (i.e., social ties and neighborhood leadership), and the level of neighborhood problems were strongly related to whether and how much residents were involved in individual and collective action efforts. Moreover, different elements of these neighborhood conditions were more or less important depending on the type and level of resident involvement. For example, while perceptions of neighborhood problems was the strongest predictor of whether an individual became involved at all, perceived strength of neighborhood leadership was the strongest predictor of an individual's level of activity. The implications of these findings for practitioners and scientists are discussed.