Functional and molecular diversity of purinergic ion channel receptors
Functional and molecular diversity of purinergic ion channel receptors
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11351.x
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
North, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MacKenzie, AB;Surprenant, A;North, RA
P2X受体是由细胞外腺苷5'-三磷酸（ATP）门控的膜离子通道；核苷酸还能激活7个跨膜G蛋白偶联受体（P2Y）家族，P2X受体在哺乳动物细胞上广泛表达，它们可以大致分为三组，第一组几乎同样能被ATP及其类似物α - β -亚甲基ATP （α - β - meATP）激活，而第二组则不能被α - β - meATP激活。第三类受体（称为P2Z）的特点是，如果激动剂的应用持续超过几秒钟，通道打开后会发生细胞渗透和裂解。已经克隆了7个编码P2X受体亚基的cdna。当在异源系统中单独表达时，P2X1和P2X3亚基形成由ATP或α - β -肉ATP激活的通道；而P2X2， P2X4和P2X5形成由ATP激活的通道，而不是由α - β -肉ATP激活的通道。P2X6受体不容易表达，而P2X7受体的性质与P2Z非常接近。当两个亚基共表达时，会产生进一步的表型，表明异源多聚化。本章比较了天然P2X受体与克隆和表达亚基的特性。
P2X receptors are membrane ion channels gated by extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP); nucleotides also activate a family of seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (P2Y), P2X receptors are widely expressed on mammalian cells, where they can be broadly differentiated into three groups, The first group is almost equally well activated by ATP and its analog alpha beta methyleneATP (alpha beta meATP), whereas a second group is not activated by alpha beta meATP. A third-group type of receptor (termed P2Z) is distinguished by the fact that the channel opening is followed by cell permeabilization and lysis if the agonist application is continued for more than a few seconds, Seven cDNAs have been cloned that encode P2X receptor subunits. When expressed individually in heterologous systems, P2X1 and P2X3 subunits form channels activated by ATP or alpha beta meATP; whereas P2X2, P2X4, and P2X5 form channels activated by ATP but not alpha beta meATP. P2X6 receptors do not express readily, and P2X7 receptors correspond closely in their properties to P2Z. Further phenotypes ran be produced when two subunits are coexpressed, indicating heteromultimerization, This chapter compares the properties of the native P2X receptors with those of the cloned and expressed subunits.