Nitrous oxide emissions along a gradient of tropical forest disturbance on mineral soils in Sumatra
Nitrous oxide emissions along a gradient of tropical forest disturbance on mineral soils in Sumatra
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2015.08.022
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发表时间：
2015-12-27
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Verchot, Louis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aini, Fitri Khusyu;Hergoualc'h, Kristell;Verchot, Louis
由于森林边界社区的高经济需求，在苏门答腊的詹比，森林转变为油棕榈和橡胶种植园是一种常见的土地使用变化。这种转换的环境影响已经引起了全球的关注，因为它可能会增加一氧化二氮（N2 O）排放到大气中。为了量化这一影响，我们进行了一系列的每月N2 O通量的测量在2010年7月和2011年8月之间，使用静态箱法在一个未受干扰的森林，干扰的森林，一年的橡胶种植园，一个20岁的橡胶种植园和一个8岁的油棕榈种植园。所有种植园都属于小农，通常不施肥。为了了解管理强化对N2 O通量的影响，我们于2011年4月在油棕种植园中施用了尿素（33.3 kg N ha（-1）），并在施肥后28天内对排放进行了集中监测。一氧化二氮的消耗是显着的，在这些风化的土壤，占30%的记录通量数据，虽然17%的负通量低于检测限。其中大部分发生在油棕种植园和未受干扰的森林中。未受干扰林、干扰林、1年生橡胶种植园、20年生橡胶种植园和油棕种植园的N2 O年排放速率分别为1.73 +/- 0.48、1.22 +/-0.27、1.34 +/- 0.36、1.02 +/- 0.27和1.04 +/- 0.39 kg N ha（-1）y（-1）。森林干扰和转换为橡胶和油棕种植园没有显着影响年N2 O排放速率。然而，在油棕种植园中，以N2 O形式排放的氮量很高（占所施肥料氮的3.1 +/- 1.2%），因此在典型的141 kg N ha（-1）y（-1）施肥量下，年排放量将达到4.4 +/- 1.6 kg N ha（-1）y（-1），是未受干扰森林排放率的两倍多。枯落物中的干物质和氮质量、距离最近的白蚁巢的距离、测量当天的降雨量和气温是预测土地利用变化过渡期间N2 O年通量的关键因素。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Forest conversion to oil palm and rubber plantations is a common land-use change in Jambi, Sumatra due to the high economic demand of forest border communities. The environmental effects of such conversions have raised global concerns due to the potential to increase nitrous oxide emissions (N2O) to the atmosphere. To quantify this effect, we conducted a series of monthly N2O flux measurements between July 2010 and August 2011 using a static chamber method in an undisturbed forest, a disturbed forest, a one year old rubber plantation, a twenty year old rubber plantation and an eight year old oil palm plantation. All plantations belonged to smallholders and were usually not fertilized. In order to understand the effect of management intensification on N2O fluxes, we applied nitrogen (N) as urea (33.3 kg N ha(-1)) in the oil palm plantation in April 2011 and monitored the emissions intensively until 28 days after fertilizer application. Nitrous oxide consumption was significant in these weathered soils, accounting for 30% of recorded flux data, although 17% of the negative fluxes fell below detection limits. Most of these happened in the oil palm plantation and undisturbed forest. Annual N2O emission rates amounted to 1.73 +/- 0.48, 1.22 +/- 0.27, 1.34 +/- 0.36, 1.02 +/- 0.27 and 1.04 +/- 0.39 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) in the undisturbed forest, disturbed forest, one year old rubber plantation, twenty year old rubber plantation and oil palm plantation, respectively. Forest disturbance and conversion to rubber and oil palm plantation did not significantly affect annual N2O emission rates. However in the oil palm plantation, the amount of N emitted as N2O was high (3.1 +/- 1.2% of the fertilizer N applied), so at a typical fertilizer application rate of 141 kg N ha(-1) y(-1), annual emissions would have amounted to 4.4 +/- 1.6 kg N ha(-1) y(-1), more than twice the emission rate in the undisturbed forest. Dry mass and nitrogen mass in standing litter, distance to the nearest termite nest, rainfall on the day of measurement and air temperature were the key factors that predicted annual N2O fluxes across the land-use change transitions. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.