NIH's mentoring makes progress.
NIH's mentoring makes progress.
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NIH 的指导取得了进展。
DOI：
10.1126/science.aal1898
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Okuyemi,Kolawole
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Vishwanatha,Jamboor;Pfund,Christine;Ofili,Elizabeth;Okuyemi,Kolawole
在他们的研究文章“国内冲突后的和解增加了社会资本，但降低了个人幸福感”(5月13日，第787页)中，J.Cilliers等人。调查发现，尽管和解技术帮助饱受战争蹂躏的塞拉利昂的社区从冲突中恢复，但个人遭受了负面的心理健康后果。这一令人不安的结论引发了人们对什么可能是一种有价值的社会干预的质疑。然而，Cilliers等人的S评估可能并不能说明全部情况，因为它是基于心理健康的一维模型。心理健康有两个相对独立的组成部分(1)。Cilliers等人。他们评估了负面因素，如创伤后应激障碍、抑郁和焦虑，但没有评估积极因素，如幸福、乐观、生活目标、感恩和正念。这些变量是强大的缓冲，增强了人类在面对紧张的生活事件时的韧性(2)。负面成分的存在并不意味着没有正面成分(3)。除了Cilliers等人发现的负面影响外，塞拉利昂的和解计划很可能对经历该计划的个人的心理健康产生了有利影响。呼吁政策制定者重组和解进程，以“减少他们的负面心理成本”，确实是一个有价值的建议。尽管如此，在进行更有效的评估之前暂缓做出判断似乎是谨慎的做法。
IN THEIR RESEARCH Article “Reconciling after civil conflict increases social capital but decreases individual well-being”(13 May, p. 787), J. Cilliers et al. found that although reconciliation techniques helped communities in war-torn Sierra Leone recover from conflicts, individuals suffered negative mental health consequences. This disturbing conclusion raises questions about what might be a valuable social intervention. However, Cilliers et al.’s assessment may not tell the whole story because it is based on a one-dimensional model of mental health.Mental health has dual, relatively independent components (1). Cilliers et al. assessed negative components such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety, but they did not assess positive components such as happiness, optimism, purpose in life, gratitude, and mindfulness. These variables are powerful buffers, enhancing human resilience in the face of stressful life events (2). The presence of negative components does not mean the absence of positive components (3). The reconciliation program in Sierra Leone may well have had favorable effects on the mental health of the individuals experiencing it, in addition to the negative effects found by Cilliers et al. The call for policy-makers to restructure reconciliation processes to “reduce their negative psychological costs” is indeed a valuable suggestion. That said, it seems prudent to withhold judgment until a more effective assessment is performed.