At 11 months, prosody still outranks statistics
At 11 months, prosody still outranks statistics
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00740.x
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Seidl, Amanda H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, Elizabeth K.;Seidl, Amanda H.
学习英语的7.5个月大的婴儿严重倾向于将重读音节视为单词起始。然而，到11个月大的时候，婴儿开始从语音中分割出非初始重音的单词。使用与约翰逊和Jusczyk（2001）相同的人工语言方法，我们探讨了这种能力的出现与对韵律线索的依赖减少以及对音节分布线索的依赖增加有关的可能性。在一项基线研究中，只有统计线索的单词边界，婴儿表现出熟悉的统计词的偏好。当冲突的压力线索被添加到语音流，婴儿表现出熟悉的偏好压力，而不是统计的话。这被解释为证据表明，11个月大的重量压力线索字的边界更严重的统计线索。实验2进一步研究了这些结果与语言包含收敛线索词边界。实验2的结果并不是结论性的。第三个实验使用新的刺激和不同的实验设计支持的结论，即11个月大的孩子更严重地依赖于韵律比统计线索字的边界。我们的结论是，出现的能力，从语音段非最初强调的话是不太可能被绑在一个相对于压力线索的音节分布线索的依赖增加，而是可能会出现由于增加依赖和集成的广泛的分割线索。
English-learning 7.5-month-olds are heavily biased to perceive stressed syllables as word onsets. By 11 months, however, infants begin segmenting non-initially stressed words from speech. Using the same artificial language methodology as Johnson and Jusczyk (2001), we explored the possibility that the emergence of this ability is linked to a decreased reliance on prosodic cues to word boundaries accompanied by an increased reliance on syllable distribution cues. In a baseline study, where only statistical cues to word boundaries were present, infants exhibited a familiarity preference for statistical words. When conflicting stress cues were added to the speech stream, infants exhibited a familiarity preference for stress as opposed to statistical words. This was interpreted as evidence that 11-month-olds weight stress cues to word boundaries more heavily than statistical cues. Experiment 2 further investigated these results with a language containing convergent cues to word boundaries. The results of Experiment 2 were not conclusive. A third experiment using new stimuli and a different experimental design supported the conclusion that 11-month-olds rely more heavily on prosodic than statistical cues to word boundaries. We conclude that the emergence of the ability to segment non-initially stressed words from speech is not likely to be tied to an increased reliance on syllable distribution cues relative to stress cues, but instead may emerge due to an increased reliance on and integration of a broad array of segmentation cues.