Assessing Pedestrian Thermal Comfort within the Buenos Aires Climatic Context
Assessing Pedestrian Thermal Comfort within the Buenos Aires Climatic Context
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评估布宜诺斯艾利斯气候背景下的行人热舒适度
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pedro Augspach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pedro Augspach
目前，世界60亿人口中有50%以上生活在大都市地区，预计到2050年，这一比例将达到70%（联合国人居署，2010年），城市环境已成为人类活动的主要场所。这些环境受到建筑物的强烈影响，建筑物改变了风的模式，限制了太阳辐射的照射。这项研究是关于这些变化如何直接影响布宜诺斯艾利斯市居民的研究。该方法包括三个后续步骤。第一，确定了上午、中午和下午三个每天两小时的时间范围。这些代表了行人活动最高时的三个每日周期。此外，还对气候进行了分析，并将月份分为凉、温和和温暖三个气候时期。这两项研究已经交叉，创造了一个九个时间框架的时间表，混合了气候和户外活动。其次，在每个时间范围内进行迭代，以分析气流速度和太阳辐射水平对Hope（1998）提出的生理等效温度（P.E.T）的综合影响。最后，最终的P.E.T.已被权衡对DeDear的自适应热舒适方程提出的室内场景（DeDear，1997年）。所产生的P.E.T.在不同组合的既定90%可接受性范围内，注意到9个时间范围中的每一个都产生了趋势，由舒适度图表示。这些图表显示了在人们倾向于户外活动的时候，空气速度和太阳辐射的组合比其他人更适合久坐不动的活动。得出的结论是，在温度较低和太阳角度较低的月份，太阳能的可用性变得不那么重要的热比风的保护，反之亦然。
With over 50% of the world’s 6 billion people presently living in metropolitan areas and an estimated 70% projected by the year 2050 (UN-Habitat, 2010) urban environments have become the mean scenery for human activity. These environments are strongly subjected to the effects of buildings which shift wind patterns and limit solar radiation exposure. This research is a study on how these changes may directly affect the Buenos Aires city inhabitants. The methodology consists of three subsequent steps. Firstly, three daily two hour time frames have been identified for the morning, midday and afternoon period. These represent three daily cycles for when pedestrian activity is at its highest. In addition, the climate was analyzed and the months were grouped into three climatic periods, cool, mild and warm. Both these studies have been crossed creating a nine time frame schedule which mixes climate and outdoor activity. Secondly, iterations were carried out within each time frame in order to analyze the combined effects of air speeds and solar radiation levels upon the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (P.E.T) proposed by Hope (1998). Lastly, the resulting P.E.T. has been weighed against De Dear’s adaptive thermal comfort equation proposed for indoor scenarios (De Dear, 1997). The amount of hours in which the resultant P.E.T. was within the established 90% acceptability for the different combinations were noted creating a trend for each of the nine time frames, represented by the comfort graphs. These graphs show which combinations of air speed and solar radiation are going to be preferable over others for sedentary activities during the times when people tend to be outdoors. It was concluded that during the months with the cooler temperatures and lower solar angles, solar availability becomes less important thermally than wind protection, and vice versa.