Inherent resilience, major marine environmental change and revitalisation of coastal communities in Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
Inherent resilience, major marine environmental change and revitalisation of coastal communities in Soma, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101852
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Watanabe, Masato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mabon, Leslie;Kawabe, Midori;Watanabe, Masato
福岛第一核电站事故给沿海社区的灾后恢复工作带来了挑战，因为围绕核电站退役的持续不确定性可能在未来造成新的风险。在灾害风险研究中，内在的复原力----通过社会记忆和日常行动维持的非正式复原力做法----被视为对长期恢复很重要。然而，虽然人们已经研究了地震和飓风等严重灾害的内在恢复力，但对福岛发生的那种重大和长期环境变化下的内在恢复力却知之甚少。通过在日本福岛县索马地区的访谈研究，本文评估了当社区可能不得不多次应对新的挫折时，固有的复原力实践支持恢复的潜力。我们表明，尽管索马的情况具有挑战性，但固有的复原力做法有助于恢复沿海地区，特别是通过重建渔业社区的认同感和目的感。然而，我们同样也发现，核电站的持续不确定性和与气候变化有关的新压力，使得完全重建与固有复原力有关的一些文化习俗变得困难。我们的研究结果有助于现有的研究表明，虽然固有的弹性可以帮助社区保持核心功能的方式，正式的制度支持不能，在福岛看到的那种物理环境的变化可能会影响日常生活和社会关系的程度，变得难以采取必要的做法，以维持社会记忆和社区关系。
The Fukushima Dai'ichi nuclear accident presents challenging circumstances for disaster recovery in coastal communities, as ongoing uncertainties around the nuclear plant's decommissioning may create new risks in the future. Within disaster risk studies, inherent resilience - informal practices of resilience sustained through social memory and everyday actions - is seen as important for longer-term recovery. Yet whilst inherent resilience has been studied for acute disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes, less is known about inherent resilience under major and long-term environmental change of the kind seen in Fukushima. Through interview-based research in the Soma area of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, this paper thus evaluates the potential for inherent resilience practices to support recovery when communities may have to respond multiple times as new setbacks emerge. We show that despite the challenging situation in Soma, inherent resilience practices have helped recovery on the coast by re-establishing a sense of identity and purpose for fishing communities in particular. Equally, however, we also find that ongoing uncertainty about the nuclear plant and emerging pressures linked to climate change make the full re-establishment of some cultural practices associated with inherent resilience difficult. Our findings contribute to existing research by showing that although inherent resilience may well help communities maintain core functions in a way formal institutional support cannot, changes to the physical environment of the kind seen in Fukushima may affect daily living and social relations to the extent it becomes difficult to undertake practices necessary to sustain social memory and community relations.