MJO Initiation Triggered by Amplification of Upper‐Tropospheric Dry Mixed Rossby‐Gravity Waves

MJO Initiation Triggered by Amplification of Upper‐Tropospheric Dry Mixed Rossby‐Gravity Waves
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对流层上层干混合罗斯贝重力波放大触发 MJO 启动

DOI:
10.1029/2021gl094239
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Suematsu Tamaki
Suematsu Tamaki
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Takasuka Daisuke;Kohyama Tsubasa;Miura Hiroaki;Suematsu Tamaki

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提出了Madden-Julian振荡(MJO)对流启动的一个可能重要的动力学过程。“CINDY2011”期间的一次MJO事件是由低对流层混合Rossby重力(MRG)波包东移触发的,其主要前兆是印度洋对流层上层MRG的优势。简单的三维模式实验表明,由于Walker环流平均东风的高层辐合,IO中的对流层上层MRG被放大,特别是在西部IO(WIO),它们向西平流和波动积累。该模式还预测了放大的上对流层MRG的向下色散和由此产生的下对流层MRG波包的形成。这一MRG演化一致地解释了2011年期间MJO的启动过程,这一点通过MRG的光线跟踪得到了进一步的验证。上对流层绕飞开尔文波通过增强纬向辐合和减弱东风(增强东风),促进MRG波在其西风(东风)位相的积累(平流),从而有助于所提出的机制。
A possibly important dynamical process for the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) convective initiation is proposed. An MJO event during the “CINDY2011” field campaign is triggered by eastward‐moving lower‐tropospheric mixed Rossby‐gravity (MRG) wave packets, and its leading precursor is predominance of upper‐tropospheric MRGs in the Indian Ocean (IO). Simple three‐dimensional model experiments reveal that the upper‐tropospheric MRGs in the IO are amplified particularly in the western IO (WIO) by their westward advection and wave accumulation due to the upper‐level convergence in mean easterlies of the Walker circulation. The model also predicts downward dispersion of the amplified upper‐tropospheric MRGs and resultant lower‐tropospheric MRG wave packet formation. This MRG evolution consistently explains the MJO initiation process during CINDY2011, which is further verified by ray tracing for MRGs. Upper‐tropospheric circumnavigating Kelvin waves assist the proposed mechanism by promoting MRG‐wave accumulation (advection) in their westerly (easterly) phases via enhanced zonal convergence and weakened easterlies (enhanced easterlies).
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