Bilingualism in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Finding Meaning in Translation.
Bilingualism in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Finding Meaning in Translation.
复制标题
自闭症谱系障碍中的双语：在翻译中寻找意义。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaac.2019.05.027
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Castro,Karen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trelles,MPilar;Castro,Karen
在美国，1200万儿童在家中主要说英语以外的语言。1这代表大约四分之一的自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童是在双语环境中长大的。一大批研究表明，双语能力会让孩子“困惑”，但这一古老的观念早已被驳斥。2在婴儿期，处于双语环境中的人在某些认知任务上表现出优势。3此外，有证据表明，双语者在表明社会理解的任务中表现得更好，这源于对多种文化的错综复杂的驾驭能力。然而，这些优势是否也适用于患有自闭症的儿童仍然是一个有争议的话题。4自闭症儿童存在沟通技能缺陷，影响语言发展的结构和功能成分。此外，由于社交障碍，他们学习和练习语言技能的机会更少。限制多种语言接触的倡导者认为，在多语言环境中长大可能会恶化自闭症固有的沟通问题。到目前为止的研究表明，双语对ASD的语言发展没有负面影响。然而，这方面的研究有限，往往缺乏一个单一的语言对比组，而且大多局限于早期语言习得。3、5此外，该领域的专业组织并没有明确的共识；言语病理学家、卫生保健专业人员和教育专家经常对ASD的双语暴露提出相互矛盾的观点和建议。3、6-8
In the United States, 12 million children primarily speak a language other than English at home. 1 This represents about one in four children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) being raised in a bilingual environment. The old notion that bilingualism could “confuse” a child has long been refuted by a large body of research that suggests quite the opposite. 2 As early as infancy, persons in a bilingual environment show advantages in certain cognitive tasks. 3 Furthermore, there is evidence that bilingual persons perform better on tasks indicative of social understanding stemming from the ability to navigate the intricacies of more than one culture. Nevertheless, whether these advantages also apply to children with ASD remains a controversial topic. 4Children with ASD present with communication skill deficits that affect structural and functional components of language development. 3 Furthermore, by having a social communication disorder, they have fewer opportunities to learn and practice language skills. Advocates of restricting multiple language exposure believe that being raised in a multilingual environment could worsen communication issues inherent to ASD. 4, 5 Studies to date suggest that bilingualism has no negative effect on language development in ASD. However, research in this area is limited, often lacks a monolingual comparison group, and is mostly restricted to early language acquisition. 3, 5 In addition, there is no clear consensus from professional organizations in the field; speech pathologists, health care professionals, and education specialists often provide conflicting views and recommendations for bilingual exposure in ASD. 3, 6-8