Loss and social-ecological transformation: pathways of change in Xochimilco, Mexico
Loss and social-ecological transformation: pathways of change in Xochimilco, Mexico
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DOI：
10.5751/es-11030-240315
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Manuel-Navarrete, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eakin, Hallie;Shelton, Rebecca E.;Manuel-Navarrete, David
我们通过与墨西哥城霍奇米尔科湿地相关的利益相关者的叙述，探讨了生计丧失、生态功能丧失和群体认同丧失在社会生态变化过程中如何相互联系。通过对各种居民和城市管理者的访谈、焦点小组和参与式研讨会，我们从当代居民和官员的角度分析了关于什么是有价值的、什么是有问题的以及哪些社会和生态关系显得至关重要的叙述。在这些叙述中，损失是突出的，捕捉到了生态、身份、意义和居民生计的相互依赖。我们将这些叙述追溯到土地和水资源利用的中心-边缘政治的历史根源，将当前的动态背景置于社会生态系统漫长的变革路径中。叙事中表达的对社会生态变化的广泛指责似乎抑制了集体行动，当地对城市资源控制的反应的历史冲突也是如此。我们认为，找到一条可持续的前进道路可能部分取决于居民如何能够在认知或情感上适应景观变化，同时仍然实现他们与景观相关的价值观。这种适应可能需要接受系统功能和结构的某种程度的损失，但这种损失也可能为新的社会生态关系提供机会，从而使当地身份得以持久存在。
We explore how loss of livelihood, loss of ecological function, and loss of group identity are linked in the process of social-ecological change through the narratives of stakeholders associated with the wetland of Xochimilco in Mexico City. Drawing from interviews, focus groups, and participatory workshops with a variety of residents and city administrators, we analyze narratives about what is valued, what is problematized, and what social and ecological relationships appear as critical from the perspective of contemporary residents and officials. Loss is prominent in these narratives, capturing the interdependence of ecology, identity, meaning, and livelihood for the inhabitants. We trace these narratives to the historical roots of center-periphery politics of land and water use, situating the current dynamic context within the social-ecological system's long pathway of change. Diffuse blame for social-ecological change expressed in the narratives appears to inhibit collective action, as does a conflicted history of local response to the city's control of resources. We posit that finding a sustainable pathway forward may depend in part on how residents are able to cognitively or emotionally accommodate landscape change while still enabling the values they have come to associate with the landscape. Such accommodation may entail accepting some degree of loss in system function and structure, but this loss may also provide opportunities for new social-ecological relations that enable the persistence of local identity.